METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE OUTCOMES OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS THROUGH INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO SELECTING MALE GERM CELLS


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Abstract

The effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) depends not only on many gynecological factors, but also on the quality of the future father’s genetic material. One of the ways to increase the effectiveness of ART is to select the highest quality spermatozoa for their subsequent injection into an oocyte. The authors have carried out a systematic analysis of data on sperm selection methods for use in ART programs: selection of spermatozoa using Z potential analysis, Raman spectroscopy in IVF, microfluidic technologies, and other physical methods that are employed to isolate sperm during the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure in married couples with male factor infertility. The review includes data from the foreign articles that have been published over the past 10 years and found in PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). The paper describes the impact of various modern sperm selection techniques on the effectiveness of ARTprograms. Density gradient centrifugation that is able to select a fraction of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa is most frequently applied in clinical practice. However, searching continues for more effective selection methods that exclude rough mechanical impact on male germ cells. Technologies based on different biophysical detection principles, such as magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS), membrane zeta potential selection, and Raman spectroscopy, are being actively studied. There is also a large microfluidics-based group of fundamentally new methods for selecting male gametes. Conclusion: The above methods are promising and have a potential niche for application in reproductive medicine, but there is, unfortunately, the first evidence of clinical efficacy only for selection using the zeta potential, microfluidic plates, and MACS technology.

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About the authors

Parvin Safail kizi GAMIDOVA

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: gamidova.parvina@yandex.ru
PhD student, Department of IVF named after Professor B.V. Leonov Moscow, Russia

Veronika Yu. SMOLNIKOVA

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: v_smolnikova@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher, Department of IVF named after Professor B.V. Leonov Moscow, Russia

Natalya P. MAKAROVA

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: np_makarova@oparina4.ru
Dr. Bio. Sci., Leading Researcher, Department of IVF named after Professor BV. Leonov Moscow, Russia

Natalia N. LOBANOVA

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: n_lobanova@oparina4.ru
Junior Researcher, Department of IVF named after Professor B.V. Leonov Moscow, Russia

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