Social and demographic predictors of postpartum depression in women in Slovakia


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Abstract

Postpartum depression can negatively affect the overall quality of life in mothers and child’s emotional, cognitive, and behavioral development. Objective: Estimation of the prevalence of postpartum depression and the study of relationship between the risk of postpartum depression and socio-demographic factors in women in Slovakia. Materials and methods: A randomized study of newborns’ mothers (n=584; the mean age 30.9 (4.8) years) was conducted in two University maternity hospitals in Slovakia from 2019 to 2020. The first data of the study were obtained at baseline level (2-4 days after childbirth, stage I), and the next data were obtained from the subsequent follow-up (6-8 weeks after childbirth, stage II). Depression symptoms were measured using Slovakians version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Moreover, some issues in the study were dedicated to detection of social and demographic risk. Threshold value 10 and higher indicated a high risk for depression symptoms. Multiple logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis. Results: Prevalence of postpartum depression was 12.74% at stage I, and 22.05% at stage II. Regression analysis with regard to social and demographic factors showed that i) primiparous women; ii) unemployment before pregnancy; and iii) insufficient financial security were statistically significantly associated with the symptoms of postpartum depression in the first days after childbirth (p<0.05). Six weeks after childbirth, the relationship between postpartum depression and i) insufficient financial security; ii) unemployment in the postpartum period (р<0.05) was identified. Conclusion: Among puerperant women, significant differences in the level of depression were identified with respect to the sodal and demographic factors. These factors need to be further explored and should be taken into account when planning intervention and prevention strategies for women.

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About the authors

Simona Kelcikova

Comenius University Bratislava

Email: simona.kelcikova@uniba.sk
MSN, PhD, a lecturer with the specialization on Nursing, Midwifery and Public health

Lucia Mazuchova

Comenius University Bratislava

Email: lucia.mazuchova@uniba.sk
MSN, PhD, a lecturer with the specialization on Nursing and Midwifery

Erika Maskalova

Comenius University Bratislava

Email: erika.maskalova@uniba.sk
MSN, PhD, a lecturer with the specialization on Nursing and Midwifery

Nora Malinovska

Comenius University Bratislava

Email: nora.malinovska@uniba.sk
MA, PhD, a lecturer in Medical Latin and English for Medical Purposes

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