Novel coronavirus infection in the first trimester of pregnancy: perinatal and maternal outcomes
- Authors: Malgina G.B.1, Dyakova M.M.1, Bychkova S.V.1, Grishkina A.A.1, Pepelyaeva N.A.1, Olkov S.S.1, Melkozerova O.A.1, Bashmakova N.V.1, Davydenko N.B.1
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Affiliations:
- Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Issue: No 12 (2022)
- Pages: 90-99
- Section: Articles
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/250408
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2022.212
- ID: 250408
Cite item
Open Access
Access granted
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the characteristic features of the course of pregnancy, labor, and perinatal outcomes in women who had a new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the first trimester of pregnancy. Materials and methods: The first stage of the study consisted of a retrospective analysis of the COVID-19 registry of pregnant and postpartum women from the Ural Federal District (UFD) for 2020-2021. A total of2347patients had COVID-19 in the first trimester of pregnancy in the UFD in 2020-2021. The second stage of the study was a single center cross-sectional comparative study in two independent groups. The study group included 131 patients who had COVID-19 in the first trimester of pregnancy; the comparison group comprised 216 patients who gave birth before COVID-19 pandemic (2019). The analysis included the course of pregnancy, labor and delivery, neonatal health status, and histological examination of 10 placentas of women in the study group. Results: Pregnancy was terminated in 19.4% of patients who developed severe COVID-19 in the first trimester. Spontaneous miscarriages were registered in 9.2% of the women with mild and moderate COVID-19. In two cases in patients who had COVID-19 before 6 weeks, fetal malformations were detected that were incompatible with life, which are extremely rare in the population. COVID-19 in the first trimester of pregnancy increased the risk of gestational hypertension (OR=3.3; 95% CI 1.6-6.6; p<0.001) and threatened preterm birth (OR=3.4; 95% CI 1.4-8.0; p=0.004). The mean gestational age at delivery was significantly lower [38.4 (2.0), p<0.001] than in patients who gave birth before the COVID-19 pandemic. The newborns showed a significant decrease in anthropometric parameters and Apgar scores at 1 [7 (6:8), p=0.035] and 5 [8 (7:8), p<0.001] minutes compared to the newborns of the comparison group. At the same time, there were signs of both maternal and fetal blood flow abnormalities in the placenta. Conclusion: Women who had COVID-19 in the first trimester of pregnancy may be at increased risk of adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes.
Full Text
About the authors
Galina B. Malgina
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: galinamalgina@mail.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Director
Maria M. Dyakova
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: mariadakova40@mail.ru
doctor, Junior Researcher
Svetlana V. Bychkova
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: simomm@mail.ru
PhD, Leading Researcher
Anastasia A. Grishkina
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: xumukyc.ru@mail.ru
PhD, Pathologist, Department of Immunology, Clinical Microbiology, Pathomorphology and Cytodiagnosis
Natalia A. Pepelyaeva
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: pepelyaevana@niiomm.ru
PhD, Head of the Department
Sergey S. Olkov
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: olkovss@niiomm.ru
PhD, Deputy Head of the Pediatrics Clinic
Oksana A. Melkozerova
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: abolmed@mail.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Deputy Director for Science
Nadezhda V. Bashmakova
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: bashmakovanv@niiomm.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Chief Researcher
Natalia B. Davydenko
Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: orgomm@mail.ru
PhD, Head of the Department
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