Feasibility of predicting fetal growth restriction, by identifying plasma biomarkers

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Abstract

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains one of the important obstetric problems, being a risk factor for antenatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The timely prediction of FGR is one of the most important measures in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, despite numerous studies, practical obstetrics still lacks highly sensitive and specific prognostic biomarkers for this disease.

This paper analyzes open-access modern scientific literature data in the PubMed, Cochrane, and eLibrary databases, which characterize the role of biomarkers in predicting the risk of FGR. Meta-analyses demonstrate that beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, free estriol, human chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1, pappalysin 1, inhibin α-subunit, and placental growth factor are considered the most promising predictive biomarkers for FGR. However, the data obtained by most authors suggest that the use of individual biomarkers has insufficient sensitivity and specificity in stratifying the risk of FGR. The most promising direction in this area is the creation of models for complex multiparametric screening based on the study of maternal risk factors, the levels of biomarkers (both proteomic and molecular genetic ones) in conjunction with ultrasound data.

Conclusion: Thus, studies focused on the search for new biomarkers in order to develop a comprehensive screening program that is of high prognostic value in identifying the risk of FGR are highly relevant and determine personalized patient management tactics in the future.

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About the authors

Ekaterina V. Izhoykina

Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.D. Evtushenko Regional Perinatal Center

Author for correspondence.
Email: katushkabig@mail.ru

Laboratory Assistant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Russian Federation, Tomsk; Tomsk

Ekaterina A. Trifonova

Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ekaterina.trifonova@medgenetics.ru

PhD, Senior Researcher, Research Institute of Medical Genetics

Russian Federation, Tomsk; Tomsk

Irina G. Kutsenko

Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: kutsenko.ig@ssmu.ru

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Russian Federation, Tomsk

Igor A. Stepanov

I.D. Evtushenko Regional Perinatal Center

Email: StepanovIA@opc.tomsk.ru

PhD, Chief Physician

Russian Federation, Tomsk

Maria M. Gavrilenko

Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: maria.gavrilenko@medgenetics.ru

Ph.D. student, Research Institute of Medical Genetics

Russian Federation, Tomsk

Vadim A. Stepanov

Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vadim.stepanov@medgenetics.ru

Academician of RAS, Dr. Bio. Sci., Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Medical Genetics

Russian Federation, Tomsk

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