The role of vasoactive, pro-, and antithrombogenic endothelial factors in the regulation of oocyte maturation in the treatment of infertility

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Abstract

Infertility is a global problem of the present-day world, whereas its incidence tends to increase. To date, one of the most effective methods for infertility treatment is assisted reproductive technologies (ART), the success of which depends on the quality and quantity of oocytes obtained. An important role in the maturation of oocytes, the fertilization, and subsequent development of an embryo is played by the oocyte microenvironment, in the creation of which the vascular endothelium is involved, by producing biological active substances. Endothelial dysfunction can affect the formation of oocytes and is a cause of premature ovarian insufficiency, reproductive system diseases and their fertility.

The review shows the role of vasoregulatory, pro-, and antithrombogenic factors synthesized by the endothelium in the maturation of oocytes in the treatment of infertility caused by a recurrent implantation failure, polycystic ovary syndrome.

Conclusion: Different female reproductive system diseases and their associated infertility are frequently accompanied by endothelial dysfunction. Superovulation induction in the treatment of infertility with ART methods can also contribute to the disruption of adaptive mechanisms and to impaired functional activity of the vascular endothelium due to the high estrogen and progestogen load.

In this connection, the determination of the markers of dysfunction of the endothelium and the evaluation of its functioning are necessary for clinicians to select personalized treatment. Taking into account the individual characteristics of an endothelial response to gonadotropin stimulation for ovulation induction will enable to elaborate new recommendations and standards for infertility treatment with ART methods, which will make them more safe and effective.

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About the authors

Valentina N. Perfilova

Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Volgograd Medical Research Center

Email: vnperfilova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2457-8486

Dr. Sci. (Bio), Professor, Professor at the Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy of ICMPE

Russian Federation, Volgograd; Volgograd

Elena A. Muzyko

Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: muzyko.elena@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0535-9787

PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Pathophysiology, Clinical Pathophysiology

Russian Federation, Volgograd

Margarita V. Kustova

Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: kustova13@mail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6287-4120

Assistant at the Department of Theoretical Biochemistry with a Course of Clinical Biochemistry

Russian Federation, Volgograd

Ksenia Yu. Tikhaeva

"Genome Volga" LLC

Email: tikhaeva34@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1956-6448

PhD, obstetrician-gynecologist, specialist in human reproduction

Russian Federation, Volgograd

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