Group B Streptococcus infection in pregnant women and newborns: clinical case and current state of the problem

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Abstract

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a significant cause of neonatal infections, particularly early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). This article presents a clinical case of an atypical course of systemic early neonatal infection caused by GBS in a preterm baby born at 36 weeks of gestation. The initial clinical manifestations, including pronounced hyperbilirubinemia and anemia, were more commonly associated with hemolytic disease of the newborn rather than GBS infection. A comprehensive analysis of the patient's course, clinical and laboratory data is provided, along with a comparison to current global findings. The publication also reviews the epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of GBS infections in pregnant women and newborns, with a specific focus on screening and timely diagnosis to reduce the severe outcomes associated with GBS infections in newborns.

Conclusion: Implementing prenatal screening measures, in conjunction with rapid microbiology and molecular genetic research methods, enables the prompt verification of premature newborn diagnoses. This approach facilitates the timely initiation of etiopathogenetic therapy and helps prevent the development of disabling complications.

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About the authors

Irina V. Nikitina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: i_nikitina@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1103-1908

Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit №2 of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor at Neonatology Department, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Olga A. Krogh-Jensen

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)

Email: o_krogh@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5178-5659
Scopus Author ID: 57214220453

Ph.D., Neonatologist at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit №2 of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Associate Professor at the Neonatal Department, Pediatric Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Arina Yu. Budina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: budinaarina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8893-7639

Medical Resident at the Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexey B. Gordeev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: a_gordeev@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9171-5276
Scopus Author ID: 24331513200
ResearcherId: T-4072-2018

Ph.D., Head of the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Microbiology, Antimicrobial Therapy and Epidemiology

Russian Federation, Moscow

Viktor V. Zubkov

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)

Email: victor.zubkov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9697-9596

Dr. Med. Sci., Director of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor at Neonatal Department at Pediatric Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Dmitriy N. Degtyarev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)

Email: d_degtiarev@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8975-2425

Dr. Med. Sci., Vice Director, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor of Neonatology Department, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Tatiana V. Priputnevich

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: priput1@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4126-9730

Dr. Med. Sci., Corresponding Member of RAS, Head of the Institute of Microbiology, Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor at the Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Pediatrics, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Anna A. Lenyushkina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: a-lenushkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8929-2991
Scopus Author ID: 57202802436
ResearcherId: AAJ-6896-2021

Ph.D., Head of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit №2 of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics

Russian Federation, Moscow

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