The role of the uterine microbiota in the genesis of endometrial polyps

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Abstract

Endometrial polyps refer to benign intrauterine pathology. Their etiology is not completely known. One of the possible factors for the development of endometrial polyps is altered microbiota of the uterine cavity. A number of scientific studies have proved that the endometrial microbiota composition is different from the one of the vaginal and cervical microbiota. This concept enabled the scientists to reject the null hypothesis of a “sterile” uterine cavity. There was a suggestion to distinguish the Lactobacillus-dominated endometrial microbiota (≥90%) and the Lactobacillus-deficient microbiota (<90%). According to the literature data, various types of benign intrauterine pathology show differences in the endometrial microbiological composition. The uterine microbiota includes anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in women with endometrial polyps. Previously, endometrial polyps were considered to be a manifestation of chronic endometritis due to reactive proliferation of the endometrium with prolonged mechanical stimulation or exposure to biological factors of inflammation. To date, there are data on the difference in the endometrial microbiota composition in patients with endometrial polyps in combination with chronic endometritis and without it.

Conclusion: Further study of the endometrial microbiota may provide new opportunities for further improvement of the diagnosis and treatment strategies of endometrial polyps and chronic endometritis.

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About the authors

Angelina I. Vanakova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: angelinavanakova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-8048-1682

graduate student of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductolog

Russian Federation, 119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8-2

Nataliya V. Dolgushina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: n_dolgushina@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1116-138X

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Director

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4.

Tatiana V. Priputnevich

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: priput1@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4126-9730

Dr. Med. Sci., Director of the Institute of Microbiology, Antimicrobial Therapy and Epidemiology

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4.

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