Epigenetic alterations in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

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Abstract

Despite numerous basic studies on the issues of malignant degeneration of precancerous diseases of the cervix and the widespread introduction of screening programs, mortality from cervical cancer continues to take the leading positions. Currently, there are no reliable prognostic criteria for malignancy of squamous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

The results of recent studies indicated that epigenetic regulation of gene expression plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of numerous malignant neoplasms including cervical cancer. The analysis of the literature data showed that squamous cell metaplasia in the cervical transformation zone is affected by cholinergic signaling. Acetylcholine and its receptors do not only regulate the processes of inflammation and proliferation of the normal cells, but they also play an important role in response to oncological processes by increasing the expression of certain receptor subunits, they inhibit apoptosis and increase the likelihood of metastasis. Thus, epigenetic modifications associated with dysplastic and metaplastic processes can serve as a powerful tool for risk stratification, prediction and treatment of cervical neoplasms caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).

Conclusion: The development of a panel of molecular predictors for accurate differential diagnosis of the degree of lesion, as well as identification of the risk group for the transition of dysplasia to cancer, will improve the examination algorithms and make it possible to timely initiate pathogenetic therapy in patients with HPV-associated cervical diseases.

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About the authors

Sergey A. Levakov

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: levakoff@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4591-838X

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky ICM

Russian Federation, Moscow

Makhluga M. Dzhafarova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: qoqlu55@mail.ru

PhD student of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky ICM

Russian Federation, Moscow

Mariami G. Kaviladze

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: mariam-kaviladze@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0221-5673

PhD student, Teaching Assistant at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky ICM

Russian Federation, Moscow

Shirin T. Guseynova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: guseinova.shirin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-6967-7497

Student, N.V. Sklifosovsky ICM

Russian Federation, Moscow

Diana R. Mushkyurova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: dr.ramazanovna@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-7494-5807

PhD student of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky ICM

Russian Federation, Moscow

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