Lipid profile of fetal membrane tissue in premature rupture of membranes

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Abstract

Objective: To study the characteristics of the lipid profile of fetal membrane tissue in premature rupture of membranes to clarify the pathways for pathogenesis.

Materials and methods: This prospective study included 91 patients who were divided into groups. Group 1 consisted of 33 pregnant women who had premature rupture of membranes (PROM): 10 patients had PROM between 220 and 366 weeks gestation and 23 patients had PROM at more than 370 weeks gestation. The control group included 58 patients with intact fetal membranes who delivered at term. Lipidomic profiling of fetal membrane tissue was performed as part of the study and isolated lipid extracts were analyzed using a Dionex UltiMate 3000 liquid chromatograph with a Maxis Impact qTOF mass spectrometer. The histological study of inflammatory reactions in the extraplacental membranes was also performed; the stage and degree of maternal inflammatory response were determined according to the criteria of Redline R.W. (2003) and the International Amsterdam Consensus (2016).

Results: A total of 172 lipids belonging to different classes were detected in fetal membrane tissues in positive and negative ion mode. The comparison of lipid composition in the fetal membrane tissues of patients who had preterm labor complicated by PROM showed that there were 28 lipids belonging to the classes of oxidized lipids and cholesterol esters; the number of the lipids was statistically significant. There were 44 lipids identified in patients with term pregnancies, and these lipids showed statistically significant differences. The histological study showed that the most severe inflammatory responses in the extraplacental membranes were observed in the group of patients with premature rupture at early gestation.

Conclusion: The lipid composition of the fetal membranes showed significant changes in the main lipid classes in patients with PROM, including lipids involved in the initiation of inflammatory processes and apoptosis. The activation of these processes leads to the structural changes in the fetal membranes and increases the risk of rupture. Thus, the alteration of the lipid profile in premature rupture of membranes may be one of the key components of the pathogenesis of this pregnancy complication and could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosing and predicting this condition.

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About the authors

Almira R. Baisova

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: almira.baisova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-4546-2388

PhD student

 

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Elrad Yu. Amiraslanov

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: eldis@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5601-1241

PhD, Head of the Department of Obstetrics

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Vladimir E. Frankevich

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: v_frankevich@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9780-4579

Dr. Sci. (physico-mathematical), Head of the Department of Systems Biology in Reproduction, Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Translational Medicine

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4; 634050, Tomsk, Moskovsky tract, 2

Vitaliy V. Chagovets

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: v_chagovets@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5120-376X

PhD, Senior Researcher at Proteomics of Human Reproduction Department

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Alisa O. Tokareva

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alisa.tokareva@phystech.edu
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5918-9045

PhD, Specialist at the Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Galina V. Kulikova

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: g_kulikova@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0594-955X
Scopus Author ID: 7003966947
ResearcherId: G-6159-2014

PhD, Senior Researcher at the Pathology and Anatomical Department

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Alexander I. Shchegolev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ashegolev@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2111-1530

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the 2nd Pathology Department

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Natalia E. Kan

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: kan-med@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5087-5946
SPIN-code: 5378-8437
Scopus Author ID: 57008835600
ResearcherId: B-2370-2015

Professor, Dr. Med. Sci., Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Deputy Director for Research – Director of the Institute of Obstetrics

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Victor L. Tyutyunnik

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: tioutiounnik@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5830-5099
SPIN-code: 1963-1359
Scopus Author ID: 56190621500
ResearcherId: B-2364-2015

Professor, Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher at the Center for Scientific and Clinical Research

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

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2. Fig. 1. Range plot of lipid levels that differ statistically significantly in the fetal membrane tissues of the control group (green) and the preterm labor with rupture of membranes group (red)

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3. Fig. 2. Range diagram of lipid levels that differ statistically significantly in the fetal membrane tissues of the control group (green) and the group with PROM at full-term pregnancy (red)

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4. Fig. 3. Histological examination of extraplacental membranes. Maternal inflammatory reaction. Stage 2, degree 1: A - *100; B-x400; Stage 2, degree 2: B - x100; D-x400

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