Adenomyosis and infertility


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Abstract

Endometriosis is one of the acute problems of modern gynecology; it is a gynecological disease characterized by the presence of heterotopias that are identical in structure and function with the endometrium outside the boundaries of the normal mucous membrane of the uterus. The incidence of endometriosis varies widely from 12% to 50% according to different authors. Despite a significant number of studies, the etiology and pathogenesis of various forms of endometriosis have not yet been established, which leads to different approaches to diagnosing and treating this disease. Adenomyosis (or internal endometriosis) occupies a special place among all types of endometriosis. The specif ic frequency of internal endometriosis of the corpus uteri (adenomyosis) in the structure of genital endometriosis varies from 9 to 70% according to different researchers, reaching 70-90% in some publications. Adenomyosis is used to denote the form of endometriosis, the morphological manifestation of which is the spread of the components of the glandular and stromal layer of the endometrium into the myometrium. Despite the fact that this term is far from new and is widely used in clinical practice; specialists do not cease discussions. The review discusses the etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, and current approaches to the management of patients with infertility in adenomyosis. Conclusion. The impact of adenomyosis and its stage on the outcomes of IVF programs, the need for and methods for preliminary treatment of patients before IVF are debatable.

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About the authors

Artem A. Aksenenko

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: a_axenenko@oparina4.ru
gynecologist of the 1st Gynecology Department

Alexander I. Gus

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: aleksandr_gus@mail.ru
MD, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, the Head of Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics Department, Radiology Division

Nona G. Mishieva

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: nondoc555@mail.ru
PhD, senior researcher of 1st Gynecology Department

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