卷 156, 编号 3 (2024)

The research was carried out in the Baikal region, in its northeastern part – in the Barguzinsky ridge. This is a specially protected area of the Baikal region (Barguzinsky Reserve, which requires scientifically based environmental management planning with the study of landscape components individually and as a whole, as well as the creation of landscape maps that reflect the current state of these landscapes. The landscape structure of the ridge is dominated by alpine geosystems. In the key area, char and mountain taiga forests occupy equal areas. At the latter, vegetation was studied in detail as the most quickly responsive component to various changes. In total, about forty detailed geobotanical descriptions were made. The 1:50,000 scale landscape map was created as a result of field work, analysis of satellite images and topographic maps. At the topological level, the map displays the landscape structure of the facies rank.

The discrete spatial and temporal variability of the geosystem characteristics at the regional level (geomes) on the territory of Baikal Siberia has been theoretically and statistically studied. The concepts and equations of a unified quantum theory aimed at a fractional description of processes and phenomena in terms of the functional state of geomes in the Hilbert space of the superposition of functions of the altitude distribution of geosystems were used. Frequency distributions by elevation gradations were determined based on the combination of an electronic geome map and a digital terrain model. Geomes differ in modal height values corresponding to their highest occurrence – optimal conditions of existence in the territory. Distributions are transformed into indicators of integrated hazard, which are statistically transformed into information functions of through quantum theory. The coefficients of variability of these functions in terms of location height are quantized, differ by geomes, which is confirmed by the results of theoretical analysis. A map of the quantum levels of spatial and temporal variability of the geomes of Baikal Siberia and a scheme of spatial and temporal transitions between quantum levels (geomes) are constructed. The methods of forecasting the dynamics and evolution of geosystems are substantiated and new procedures for calculating the quantum variability of the temporal and spatial position of geomes are proposed.