PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSONALITY OF A MOTHER BREATING A CHILD WITH A PSYCHIC DYSONTOGENESIS

The birth and upbringing of a child with a mental development condition causes the mother to search for special ways to adapt to a difficult life situation. Mothers of children with mental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, mental retardation and cerebral palsy are in a situation of many years of crisis. The aim of our study was to consider the characteristics of the psychological characteristics of women mothers raising children with mental dysontogenesis. The study involved 200 women mothers. We used the following methods: a study of personality traits of R. Kettell (16PF) and a study of coping behavior of E.Heim (1988), as well as a mathematical regression analysis of significant differences in psychological characteristics of personality, behavior and attitudes in three groups of mothers depending on type mental dysontogenesis of their children. It was found that in the psychological portrait of all the mothers studied, neurotic and emotional dysfunctions, reduced control of emotions and behavior, the use of non-adaptive coping strategies and impaired mental adaptation are noted. In each group of mothers, distinctive characteristics of personality traits and coping strategies were found, which should be taken into account when working with such mothers. Our study may be useful in preventing emotional and behavioral disorders and psychological support for mothers raising children with mental dysontogenesis. Timely psychological diagnosis of the mothers themselves will help to identify maladaptive personal characteristics, and the provision of psychological assistance to mothers of sick children will help to form a constructive attitude towards the child and his mental defect. This will lead to an understanding of the need to identify constructive models of women's social adaptation and the development of special routes for psychological and pedagogical support for such mothers.