Vol 18, No 3 (2013)

The epidemiological analysis of the recorded incidence of chronic forms of viral hepatitis (H) in Leningrad - St. Petersburg performed for 39 years, revealed the presence of a peculiar periodicity of the epidemic process, etiopathogenetic relationship between the incidence of acute and chronic forms of HB and HC in the megacity. The epidemic process of viral hepatitides, presented with chronic forms in dynamics, has undergone significant alterations, consisting in the change of the leading age groups in the formation of disease morbidity. In the first and second periods of observation (1962-1994) in the epidemic process mainly adults and children were involved. Under the influence of socio-economic conditions and changes in the moral and ethical foundations of society in the third period in the formation of chronic liver pathology the equity participation of adolescents, young adults increased, and the proportion of children and older groups of adults decreased. Increasing the percentage offemales in the structure of incidence of chronic viral hepatitis is an unfavorable sign. Gender and age-related changes in disease morbidity contributed to the decline in mortality from chronic viral hepatitides.

Gamalei Str., Moscow, Russia, 123098; 4Closed 4Joint-Stock Company “SKY LTD”, 113/1, Leninsky avenue, Moscow, Russian Federation, 117108 Hepatitis B is a serious problem for global health. The incidence of acute hepatitis B in the Russian Federation in recent years was 2.2 per 100 000 people. In 5% of cases the infection can acquire chronic course, leading to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, there is increased interest in drugs of plant and animal origin which have immunomodulatory and antiviral activity. "Stimforte" is one out of such drugs. The aim of this work was to determine the as clinical and immunologic as virologic efficacy of the injectable form of the drug. The study included 30 patients and 22 subjects from the control group. Evaluation of treatment efficacy was performed on the results of clinical and laboratory examination and was determined in the terms of reverse development of acute viral hepatitis, dynamics and rate of downword in activity of biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase), elimination of markers of acute hepatitis from the blood, the frequency of formation of chronic hepatitis. The investigation of immune and interferon status was performed. At the same time the possible occurrences of adverse reactions were taken into account. At the end of the study the use of "Stimforte " was shown to have a positive effect on the regression of clinical symptoms of the disease, by reducing their duration by 2-8 days, contributed to a more rapid normalization of indices of cytolysis (ALT, AST). Drug "Stimforte" has immunomodulatory effect, stimulated antiviral immune response to acute HBV-infection. Within 6 months of following up patients no chronic cases were observed. The drug was well tolerated by all patients with no incidence of adverse reactions.

Indices of the quality of life were analyzed in 259 HIV-infected re—spondents at different stages of disease. There were detected average integral in—dices of physical component of health (PH=1-67,7) and psychological (mental) compon—ent of health (MH=59,1). There was detected negative impact of chronic inflam—matory pathology of ENT organs on self-assessment of the quality of life of HIV-infected people, that led to the decline in the level of both physical (PH-from 80,5 to 65,3), and psychological (MH - from 71,7 to 55,5) components of health. The most negative impact of chronic inflammatory otorhinolaryngological pathology was detected among respondents with the 2nd stage of HIV-infection (decline of PH- from 79,3 to 52,4; MH- from 64,0 to 41,6).

Coccidioidomycosis - a respiratory disease caused by a dimorphic fungi of the genus Coccidioides. It is endemic mycosis, and therefore for accurate and timely diagnosis it is necessary to collect epidemiological history with taking into account the patient's stay in endemic districts. Causative agents of coccidioidomycosis in saprobe phase grow and multiply in soils of United States, as well as of some regions of Central and South America. In addition, imported cases of coccidioidomycosis were diagnosed in many countries over the world.

There is given a description of outbreaks of anthrax in humans and animals in the Omsk region in 20J0. There are presented epidemiological, epizootological, clinical features and outcomes of the disease, the methods used for laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis, treatment principles.