Mechanisms of structural features in the cerebral cortex in models of premature aging of nervous tissue after bacterial lipopolysaccharide

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Abstract

Introduction. Many chemical compounds affect brain neurons differently than other cell populations. This is provided by the protective potential of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). One of the compounds capable of passing through the BBB is bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It can cause irreversible morphological changes in the neurons of the cerebral cortex.

The aim of the work is to study the mechanisms of neuronal damage and death.

Material and methods. More than 50 sources for 15 past years were analyzed at PubMed and Elibrary databases.

Results. Astrocytes recognize LPS due to toll-like receptors, and glial macrophages are also able to capture areas of the external bacterial membrane with LPS. However, variations in the dose of LPS, the method and frequency of its administration have different effects on the morphology of the cerebral cortex. In particular, it is relevant to study changes similar to those in aging and neurodegenerative processes.

Conclusion. The review examines the structural changes of neurons and glia in the use of LPS in adult animals. The authors conclude that repeated systemic administration of non-septic doses of LPS is most suitable for modeling aging-like changes, but it is necessary to develop a standardized model of such administration.

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About the authors

Artem Andreevich Venediktov

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: venediktov_a_a@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5604-0461

PhD student, Assistant Professor at Human Anatomy and Histology Department

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

Egor Aleksandrovich Kuzmin

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: kuzmin.egor.msmu@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4098-1125

Research intern at Human Anatomy and Histology Department

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

Ksenia Sergeevna Pokidova

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: pokidowa.ks@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-0323-7669

Student

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

David Mikhailovich Oganesyan

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: oganesyan_d_m@student.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-2537-8370

Student

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

Arina Timofeevna Stepanyan

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: stepanyan_a_t@student.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-5771-4749

Student

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

Tatiana Vladimirovna Boronikhina

Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”

Email: tvbor51@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9532-7898

Professor at Biomedical Department, Doctor of medical sciences

Russian Federation, Meschanskaya str., 9/14, 2, Moscow, 129090

Gennadii Aleksandrovich Piavchenko

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: gennadii.piavchenko@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7782-3468

Associate Professor at Human Anatomy and Histology Department

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

Sergey Lvovich Kuznetsov

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: kuznetsov_s_l@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0704-1660

Professor at Human Anatomy and Histology Department, Corresponding member of RAS, Doctor of medical sciences, Professor

Russian Federation, st. Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119048

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2. Fig. 1. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide and its recognition

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3. Fig. 2. Key intracellular cascades activated by LPS

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4. Fig. 3. The variety of pathological processes against the background of lipopolysaccharide-induced molecular cascades

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