Antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens in patients with acute obstructive pyelonephritis


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Abstract

Relevance. Acute pyelonephritis is known to be the most complicated and severe urinary tract infection occurring in all age groups and accounting for 14% of all kidney diseases. The generally recognized standard antibiotic therapy cannot completely prevent the progression of the disease to its chronic form after relief of its acute manifestations thus leading to a high incidence of relapses. The aim of our study was to investigate the spectrum of uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity in acute obstructive pyelonephritis. Materials and methods. The study comprised 72 patients who underwent semi-rigid ureteroscopy and ultrasonic lithotripsy for ureteral stones. In all patients, bladder urine samples collected by a transurethral catheter were tested bacteriologically using an extended set of culture media within 3 hours after hospital admission. Antibiotics used in antibiotic sensitivity testing for all uropathogens, were grouped into 4 classes (carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, penicillins). Etiotropic treatment was started upon the availability of the spectrum of microbial patterns, the level of bacteriuria and antibioticogram of uropathogens, 5-6 days after administering initial empirical antibiotic therapy. Results. The study patients had a high detection rate (83.3%) of canonical uropathogens in the bladder urine identified due to using an extended set of culture media, with a bacteriuria of ≥ 103 CFU/ mL. Given the results of local antibiograms, a rational antimicrobial therapy should include carbapenems, namely ertapenem or meropenem as initial empirical antibiotics. Using fluoroquinolones as the first line treatment can lead to an inadequate effect in 15.0 to 67.0% of the cases. The findings of the antibiotic resistance testing of uropathogens to cephalosporins and semisynthetic penicillins showed that they should not be used as initial empirical antibiotic therapy for acute obstructive pyelonephritis in the given department of urology.

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About the authors

Yu. L Naboka

RostSMU of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: nagu22@mail.ru
Dr.Med.Sci., Prof., Head of the Department of Microbiology and Virology №1

I. A Gudima

RostSMU of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: nagu22@mail.ru
Ph.D., Associate Prof. at the Department of Microbiology and Virology №1

E. V Mitusova

City Polyclinic № 3, Rostov on Don

Email: mitus21@mail.ru
Urologist

S. K Bedzhanyan

RostSMU of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: sarik2802@yandex.ru
Ph.D. Student at the Department of Urology and Human Reproductive Health with the Course of Pediatric Urology-Andrology, Faculty of AT and PRS

P. P Morgun

City Emergency Hospital, Rostov on Don

Email: morgunpp@mail.ru
Ph.D., Head of the Urology Department

M. I Kogan

RostSMU of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: dept_kogan@mail.ru
the Honored Scientist of Russia, Dr.Med.Sci., Prof., Head of the Department of Urology and Human Reproductive Health with the Course of Pediatric Urology-Andrology, Faculty of AT and PRS

K. T Dzhalagoniya

RostSMU of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: nagu22@mail.ru
Ph.D. Student at the Department ofMicrobiology and Virology №1

M. A Akimenko

RostSMU of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: akimenkoma@mail.ru
Distance Learning Ph.D. Student at the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics

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