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No 2S (2016): Supplement
- Year: 2016
- Articles: 9
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/issue/view/6854
Articles
Lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):4-19
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Urinary incontinence in women
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):20-36
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Urolithiasis
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):37-69
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Epidemiology of urinary disorders in men in the Russian Federation
Abstract
Aim. To compare the results of population studies conducted in the Russian Federation to identify the prevalence, severity and risk factors for urinary disorders in men. Materials and methods. Data of a survey of 1083 men were analyzed for the age, weight, height, comorbidities with their signs and symptoms, history of surgery on pelvic organs, copulative disorders, and IPSS and quality of life scores. The findings were compared with the results of a survey of 482 Russian men under the protocol of the International Society of Continence (ICS) aimed to identify patients with overactive bladder (OAB), in whom pollakiuria, nocturia, urgency, urinary incontinence, stress-incontinence, poor flow and terminal dribbling were registered. Results. According to findings on IPSS scores voiding disorders were diagnosed in 649 (59.9%) of respondents, with mild, moderate and severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in 370 (34.2%), 216 (19.9 %) and 63 (5.8%) men, respectively; mean IPSS score was 5,0±7,0. Among men with LUTS 34.6% were not satisfied with their quality of life. The severity of LUTS was greater among older respondents (tB = 0,441; p<0,001), having a high body mass index (tB = 0,119; p<0.001), ischemic heart disease (tB = 0,231; p<0,001), hypertension (tB = 0,240; p<0,001), diabetes mellitus (tB = 0,158; p<0,001), obesity (tB = 0,151; p<0,001), history of surgery on pelvic organs (tB = 0,259; p<0,001), suffering from erectile dysfunction (tB = 0,126; p<0,001). 116 (24.1%) men surveyed under ICS protocol had LUTS consistent with OAB criteria. Symptoms of urine storage, emptying and postmicturition symptoms were found in 299 (62%), 164 (34%) and 106 (22%) patients, respectively and were more common in older men. 236 (48.9%) of respondents experienced discomfort or pain, in 72 (15%) - LUTS resulted in decreased sexual activity, but only 149 (30.9%) of men sought treatment. Conclusions. LUTS in Russia are common among men of any age. They reduce the quality of life, closely associated with erectile dysfunction, metabolic disorders and diseases. Men with urinary disorders need a comprehensive examination and treatment based on an interdisciplinary approach.
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):70-75
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Recurrent urinary incontinence in women: causes and treatments
Abstract
Quite often patients assume that any new onset of urge incontinence or nocturia is recurrent urinary incontinence. Is it possible to consider any similar situation as the recurrence of urinary incontinence? No, of course not. However, if you put at the forefront a patient satisfaction with the overall result of the surgery, rather than a formal negative cough test, the picture will be somewhat different. On the one hand, it brings us back to criteria of surgery success, and on the other to the indications for repeat surgery. All this highlights the importance of thorough examination of patients with urinary incontinence. Patient evaluation begins with taking a complete medical history, reviewing chief complaints and filling in urination diary. If a re-operation is indicated, the following surgical options should be considered: sling operations, colposuspension or tapes using patient own tissue. The choice of surgical treatment for recurrent urinary incontinence should be based on the results of a thorough evaluation of the individual patient, including urodynamic parameters and supplementary imaging studies. The most important factors influencing the choice of method of re-surgery were the type of the previous operation, the results of urodynamic studies, and the preference and experience of the surgeon.
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):76-81
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Validation of urgency scale to detect and assess urgency in patients with overactive bladder
Abstract
Introduction. Urinary urgency is a hallmark symptom of overactive bladder (OAB). Several scales have been used to measure urgency. Taking into account the exceptional importance of these scales, it is important to determine their reliability, which depends directly on the accuracy of the wording and clarity to patients. Aim. To determine reliability of Russian-language translation of the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale (PPIUS) in identifying and assessing urgency in patients with OAB. Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients (46 women and 4 men) aged 19 to 70 years (mean age 56.5 years). At the time of entering the study, all patients had symptoms of OAB and received anticholinergic therapy for at least 3 months with any drug approved for the use in Russia. PPIUS scale validation was performed by assessing reliability, absence of "habituation" effect of and indicators of convergent, divergent, and content validity. Results. The Russian version of voiding diary with PPIUS scale was found to have good psychometric properties and besides the content validity also had significant signs of convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion. The Russian-language versions of urgency scales PPIUS and TUFS can be considered validated for using in clinical practice and in clinical and non-interventional studies in patients with OAB in Russia.
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):82-86
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The place of mineral water in the metaphylaxis of urolithiasis
Abstract
Urinary stone disease is a metabolic disorder tending to recur and having a growing proportion of younger patients. Current methods of surgical treatment do not guarantee the disease non-recurrence without effective subsequent metaphylaxis. At present, the principles of general and special (medical) metaphylaxis of urolithiasis have been developed and widely applied according to underlying metabolic disorders, the type of stone formation and risk factors for recurrence. Oversaturation of the urine with stone forming substances is a major factor in stone formation. Recommendations for using mineral water should not be given without a clear understanding of the expected effect of particular water. Its selection for treating urolithiasis depends on the chemical composition of the stones, underlying metabolic disorders, urine pH, the functional state of the gastrointestinal tract, concomitant diseases, etc.
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):87-94
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Genetic aspects of urolithiasis
Abstract
The article presents summarized results of domestic and international studies of the genetic aspects of urolithiasis. The presented evidence suggests the importance of early and accurate molecular genetic diagnostics of hereditary diseases associated with stone formation for timely treatment and prevention for patients' relatives. Also provided are examples of using molecular genetic diagnostics in urologist's practice for monogenic and multifactorial diseases associated with stone formation. Taken together, these results show that using modern post-genomic technologies for assessing the risk of hereditary predisposition to urolithiasis is justified.
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):95-102
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Plant-derived terpenes in treating patients with urolithiasis
Abstract
Numerous metabolic abnormalities intrinsic to urolithiasis require drug therapy. At the same time, despite the constant expansion of synthetic drugs, plant-derived medications play a large role in the treatment and prevention of the disease. Aim. To evaluate the effect of a plant-derived preparation Rowatinex in patients with urolithiasis after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and analyze the changes in blood and urine parameters in patients receiving the preparation. Materials and methods. Depending on the type of post-ESWL treatment, patients were divided into two groups. After ESWL, patients of group A (n=107) and group B (n=50) were administered Rowatinex and antispasmodic drugs, respectively. Results and discussion. Clearance of stone fragments after ESWL within 1-5 days was achieved in 76 (71.1%) patients of group A and in 20 (40.4%) of group B. Analysis of the effect of the therapy on blood count, biochemistry tests and 24h excretion (magnesium, uric acid, calcium, etc.) did not reveal significant differences between group A group B and reference values. Increased diuresis caused by antispasmodic effects of Rowatinex resulted in the complete clearance of stone fragments. Urinalysis in patients of the two groups showed decreased leukocyturia. Furthermore, stabilization of urine pH within the 6.2-6.8 was noted in group A, which is important and necessary in metaphylaxis of recurrent stone formation. Conclusions. Administration of Rowatinex increases the percentage of stone fragment clearance after ESWL and reduces pain intensity. Rowatinex reduces leukocyturia, increases 24h diuresis and stabilizes the pH of urine. Increasing and stabilizing urine pH in patients with calcium oxalate and urate stones reduces the risk of recurrence after ESWL. No complications associated with Rowatinex were reported, allowing longterm administration of the preparation in the complex lithokinetic therapy and for metaphylaxis of recurrent stone formation.
Urologiia. 2016;(2S):103-110
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