Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology

Peer-review quarterly academic medical journal. 

Editor-in-Chief

Publisher & Founder

About

The journal founded in 2006 is intended for ophtalmologists, healthcare professionals, drug developers and regulators, researchers of scientific, medical and educational organizations

The aim of the journal is to provide pediatric ophthalmologists with data on pediatric ophthalmology issues, to enable exchange of experience in diagnosing and treating ocular diseases in children, to facilitate discussion of research results, and to improve pediatric eye care.

The reader will find on the pages of the journal reviews, lectures and original articles that have priority and deserve to be published in the professional medical journal.

APC, Publication & Distribution

  • Quarterly issues (4 times a year)
  • Continuoulsly publications online (Online First)
  • Hybrid Access (Open Access articles published with CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License)
  • articles in English & Russian

 

Articles types

  • reviews
  • systematic reviews and metaanalyses
  • original research articles
  • clinical case reports and series
  • letters to the editor
  • short communications
  • clinial practice guidelines

Indexation

  • Russian Science Citation Index (eLibrary.ru)
  • CrossRef
  • Google Scholar
  • Ulrich’s International Periodicals Directory
  • Dimensions

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Current Issue

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Vol 18, No 4 (2023)

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Original study article

Results of surgical treatment of children with lens subluxation
Karyakin M.A., Stepanova E.A., Zaharova T.A., Khlopotov S.V., Baksheev I.Y.
Abstract

AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the surgical treatment of patients with lens subluxation, who were under 18 years old.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study presented an analysis of the results of surgical treatment of eight patients with lens subluxation. The operations were performed in the Department of Ophthalmology of the State Healthcare Institution of Healthcare MCMC “Bonum,” carried out in 2020–2022. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age under 18 years, Marfan-like phenotype, stages 2–4 subluxation, absence of retinal changes and other eye pathologies, and surgical treatment performed in 2020–2022. The mean age at the detection of lens subluxation was 3.9±2.0 years, and the age during primary surgery was 5.4±1.9 years. All patients underwent phacoaspiration of the subluxated lens with anterior vitrectomy, simultaneous implantation, and sclerocorneal fixation of the intraocular lens by the same surgeon using the same equipment and consumables.

RESULTS: The ophthalmological status was mainly assessed, and a statistical difference (p <0.05) was found between pre- and postoperative indicators. Before surgery, the maximum corrected visual acuity was 0.15±0.12 (min 0.02; max 0.5); spherical equivalent, 6.8±4.7 (min -15; max +16); total astigmatism value, 3.25±1.15 (min, 1; max, 6.5); and corneal astigmatism, 2.4±0.9 (min, 1; max, 3.9). After the surgical treatment, the maximum corrected visual acuity was 0.53±0.31 (min, 0.05; max, 0.9); spherical equivalent, −0.6±1.71 D (min −3.5; max +3); total astigmatism, -1.63±0.75 D (min, -0.25; max, −2.75); corneal astigmatism, 2.4±0.7 D (min 1; max 3.5). All operations were performed without complications. The postoperative period in patients was regarded as unreactive.

CONCLUSION: The results show that sclerocorneal fixation allows for reliable and safe fixation of intraocular lenses without capsule support. A statistically significant increase in visual acuity was found after surgery; however, for optimal functional results in the postoperative period, refractive errors and pleoptic treatment must be controlled.

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2023;18(4):177-183
pages 177-183 views
Clinical features and results of surgical treatment of congenital corneal opacities in infants and children under 3 years of age
Pleskova A.V., Panova A.Y.
Abstract

Congenital corneal opacities (CCO) are rare eye anomalies of various etiological causes. Given the heterogeneity of the clinical and morphological manifestations of CCO, its functional disorders are of the same type and significant, leading to visual disability. This anomaly occurs in 6 per 100,000 newborns.

AIM: To study the clinical and anatomical features and treatment results of CCO in children aged under 3 years old, who were treated in the Department of Eye Pathology in Children of Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases for the period from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022 (12 years).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical and anatomical features and results of surgical treatment of 142 patients (172 eyes) with CCO aged 0–3 years were analyzed in the period from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022. According to the clinical picture, all CCOs were classified as congenital glaucoma, sclerocornea, Peters anomaly, anterior staphyloma, endothelial corneal dystrophy, dermoid, and Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome, and were idiopathic. Surgical methods included end-to-end keratoplasty, layered keratoplasty, limbokeratoplasty, and end-to-end reconstructive keratoplasty, including synechial excision, cataract removal, pupil formation, and anterior vitrectomy. The treatment results were evaluated based on the biological and functional results. The biological results of the operation (graft engraftment) were evaluated in the Kaplan–Meier model.

RESULTS: Congenital glaucoma dominates among clinical diagnoses of CCO (40% of all cases), followed by Peters anomaly, sclerocornea, congenital hereditary endothelial corneal dystrophy, other hereditary corneal dystrophies and anterior staphyloma, Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome, and corneal dermoid. In 5 (3%) cases, the CCO was defined as idiopathic. Surgical treatment was performed on 78 (86 eyes) out of 142 (54.9%) patients. The 1-year survival rate following transplants in patients with high blood pressure was 75%; with Peters anomaly, 67%; and with sclerocornea, 54%, and the 2-year survival rates were 70%, 63%, and 36%, respectively. The 1 and 2 years urvival rates following transplants in patients with congenital endothelial hereditary dystrophy were 88 and 82%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The results show that CCO manifest heterogeneously in children aged under 3 years old. Careful anamnesis collection, thorough clinical examination, and additional studies such as UBM are crucial in obtaining accurate diagnosis and classification of CCO and provide recommendations on treatment strategies.

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2023;18(4):185-190
pages 185-190 views
Аnnual results of the use of spectacle lenses with embedded rings of high-spherical microlenses Stellest™ for the control of myopia
Proskurina O.V., Tarutta E.P., Tarasova N.A., Milash S.V., Arutyunyan S.G., Markosyan G.A.
Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the effect of continuous wearing of Stellest™ spectacle lenses on refractive dynamics, accommodation, and binocular interaction after 6 months and 1 year.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Children aged 8–13 years who had mild-to-moderate myopia were included. Stellest™ spectacle lenses were prescribed to 35 children with myopia (3.15±0.19 D on average). The control group consisted of 32 children with myopia (2.68±0.18 D on average) using single-vision correction. Refraction, axial length of the eye, accommodation, and binocular interaction were evaluated.

RESULTS: After 1 year, the average increase in refraction in the Stellest™ group was 0.19±0.07 D. A decrease in the annual progression gradient (APG) was observed in 82.4% of cases and averaged 0.72±0.1 D. The axial length of the eye increased by an average of 0.08±0.02 mm. In the control group, after 1 year of observation, the average increase in refraction was 0.6±0.07 D. A decrease in APG was observed in 51.6% of the cases and averaged 0.26±0.12 D. The axial length of the eye increased by an average of 0.26±0.03 mm. After 1 year, the increase in refraction and growth of the axial length of the eye in the Stellest ™ group was less than that in the control group by 68.3% and 69.2%, respectively. In the Stellest™ group, positive relative accommodation (PRA) increased after 1 year by 1.06±0.14 D and that in the control group by 0.6±0.16 D. The difference was significant (p <0.02). No differences were found between the groups in terms of objective indicators of accommodation. The stabilization effect in Stellest™ spectacle lenses was the least pronounced with esophoria.

CONCLUSION: The use of Stellest™ spectacle lenses slows down the progression of myopia in children and reduces APG by more than two times. A significant increase in PRA was found in children using Stellest™ spectacle lenses for 1 year compared with children using single-vision correction.

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2023;18(4):191-203
pages 191-203 views

Case reports

Congenital cataract associated with COVID-19 infection
Kruglova T.B., Egyan N.S., Demchenko E.N.
Abstract

AIM: To describe cases of COVID-19-induced congenital pathology of the lens and eye in children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine children (9 eyes) aged 3–6 months with congenital cataract (СC), whose mothers had COVID-19 during pregnancy, were examined.

RESULTS: All children had unilateral CC, with heterogeneous turbidity. Changes in the shape, volume, and structure of the capsule sac were often combined with microphthalmia (66.7%) and primary persistent vitreous body syndrome (PPGST) (88.9%).

CONCLUSION: The results revealed the possibility of the unilateral development congenital pathology of the lens with the presence of concomitant pathology: microphthalmos, PPGST syndrome in children born to mothers who had SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Given the risk of transplacental transmission of the coronavirus from a pregnant woman to a fetus with СC development, these children need a more detailed examination in the first month of life for timely detection of pathology and provision of treatment. Surgical treatment of this pathology often requires a nonstandard individual approach to each stage of the operation and management of the postoperative period.

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2023;18(4):205-212
pages 205-212 views
Аcute sinusitis as a cause of orbit phegmon in a newborn child
Makogon S.I., Lebedev V.I.
Abstract

Orbital complications of varying severity caused by acute sinusitis are relatively common in pediatric practice. These complications develop depending on the anatomical features of the paranasal sinuses and eye sockets in children and immune system impairment.

AIM: To present a clinical case of orbital phlegmon in a newborn child.

RESULTS: A 17-day-old female infant was admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department of the Altai Regional Center for Maternal and Childhood Protection. After self-treatment, her health status did not improve; thus, she was hospitalized. After additional instrumental methods of research, the following diagnosis was made: рhlegmon of the left orbit, subperiosteal abscess on the left, and ethmoiditis with destruction on the left. A consultation of specialists (an ophthalmologist, otorhinolaryngologist, and neonatologist) determined the further management approach.

CONCLUSION: Orbital complications in pediatric practice require an immediate assessment of the clinical condition by an otorhinolaryngologist and an ophthalmologist. The clinical case presented focuses on the need for an interdisciplinary approach and hospitalization in the initial disease stages to provide therapy because the infection may spread to the intracranial region.

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2023;18(4):213-219
pages 213-219 views
Clinical case of bilateral rapidly progressive osteoma of the choroid
Panova I.E., Shefer K.K., Shilov A.I.
Abstract

Choroidal osteoma is a benign neoplasm characterized by the appearance of mature bone tissues at the level of the choroid and unilateral development. This study highlights a clinical case of bilateral rapidly progressing osteoma of the choroid in a child, which was complicated by tumor decalcification and choroidal neovascularization. A 14-year-old male teen has been under observation in the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Saint-Petersburg branch since 2019, for bilateral choroidal osteoma. At the initial visit, a yellow-orange lesion with clear boundaries was noted in the left eye, localized at the level of the choroid and parapapillary, and had a trabecular bone structure. Based on the clinical picture and data from instrumental studies (ultrasound and optical coherence tomography), he was diagnosed with choroidal osteoma. During observation, a similar lesion appeared in the right eye, and its relatively rapid growth was observed in both eyes. Owing to the absence of zones of decalcification and neovascularization, further follow-up was initiated. However, in the presence of zones of decalcification of the bone tissue and newly formed vessels of the choroid, a threefold intravitreal injection of an angiogenesis inhibitor was performed. Consequently, regression of choroidal neovascularization was observed. Speculatively, the main reason for the atypical disease course in this teenager is the specificity of bone tissue development in childhood and adolescence.

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2023;18(4):221-230
pages 221-230 views


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