Nanoindustry

Based on the analysis of unique images obtained from the world’s first space scanning probe microscope SMM-2000S, which operates in open space aboard the Earth satellite "Nanosond-1" and captures changes in the relief of a metal surface exposed to solar wind with nanometer precision, a hypothesis has been proposed regarding existence of another mechanism for dust formation in near-Earth space – through formation of particles from atoms removed by solar wind ions from the surfaces of cosmic objects. An experiment has been described that was conducted and supports this hypothesis. The development of a separate applied research direction has been proposed for development of materials resistant to solar wind for the purpose of maintaining space ecology and improving reliability of spacecraft due to the negative effects of dust generated from them on elements, including those of the spacecraft themselves.

In this work, nanocomposites of nickel hexacyanoferrate with the noble metal silver were synthesized and studied. To begin with, nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles were obtained by mixing solutions of potassium hexacyanoferrate and nickel chloride. After that, sodium borohydride and silver nitrate with different volumes were added to the resulting mixtures to obtain Ag nanoparticles with a mass fraction 0,1, 0,25, 0,5, 1, 2,5, 5%. At the next stage, the samples were measured by dynamic light scattering. As a result, the correlation of the hydrodynamic radius from the mass fraction of silver nanoparticles of 0.5% with a minimum of R=95±5 nm was established. Next, the samples were washed three times by centrifugation, dried and crushed. The samples were then examined by scanning electron microscopy. As a result, it was found that the particles are crystallites with a diameter of 20 to 200 nm. Energy dispersion spectroscopy of the samples revealed the presence of elements characteristic of the nickel-silver hexacyanoferrate nanocomposite, as well as a uniform distribution of Ni and Ag elements on the sample surface. At the final stage, an X-ray phase analysis of the sample was performed, as a result of which it was found that it contains nickel hexacyanoferrate crystallohydrate and a phase of nanoscale silver with a cubic face-centered lattice.

Although the use of nano-additives can improve the corrosion resistance of some organic coatings, it can lead to deterioration of other coating properties, such as resistance to thermal changes, ultraviolet radiation and chemicals. In this paper, the effect of carbon nanotubes coated with silicon oxide nanoparticles on the resistance to thermal changes, ultraviolet radiation and chemicals of alkyd enamel coating is investigated. To study these properties, a heat resistance test according to ASTM D573, a UV resistance test according to ASTM G155 and a chemical resistance test according to ASTM D5402-93 (1999) were conducted. The experimental results showed that the addition of nano-fillers led to an increase in resistance to chemicals with an increase in the mass concentration of nano-fillers to 0.349%, however, after this limit, the effect of chemicals on the paint increased, and the additive did not lead to a deterioration in resistance to thermal changes and ultraviolet radiation.

The presented paper on optimal temperature-velocity deformation modes at lowered temperatures, using finite element method modeling and physical experiments, developed the technology for multiaxial deformation of nanostructured Al–Zn–Mg alloy.