ANEMIA IN WOMEN: WHAT INTERNISTS SHOULD KNOW?


Citar

Texto integral

Resumo

The prevalence of anemia among pregnant and nonpregnant women is significantly higher than among men. In routine practice, therefore, physicians often have to deal with the diagnosis and treatment of anemia in women. This literature review considers the most frequent clinical situations in daily practice of clinician detecting anemia in women: anemia in pre-and postmenopausal women, often associated with overweight and obesity, anemia of chronic disease, anemia due to intense metrorrhagia and anemia in pregnant women

Bibliografia

  1. De Benoist B, McLean E, Egli I, Cogswell M, ed. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005: WHO global database on anaemia. http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/micronutrients/anaemia_iron_deficiency/9789241596657/en/index.html
  2. Iron deficiency anaemia: assessment, prevention and control. A guide for programme managers. http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/micronutrients/anaemia_iron_deficiency/WHO_NHD_01.3/en/
  3. Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation. Bangkok: Thailand, 2001.
  4. Ausk KJ, Ioannou GN. Is Obesity Associated With Anemia of Chronic Disease? A Population-based Study. Obesity 2008;16(10):2356-61.
  5. Yanoff LB, Menzie CM, Denkinger B, et al. Inflammation and iron deficiency in the hypoferremia of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2007;31(9):1412-19.
  6. Tussing-Humphreys LM, Nemeth E, Fantuzzi G, et al. Elevated Systemic Hepcidin and Iron Depletion in Obese Premenopausal Females. Obesity 2010;18:1449-56.
  7. Tussing-Humphreys LM, Nemeth E, Fantuzzi G, et al. Decreased Serum Hepcidin and Improved Functional Iron Status 6 Months After Restrictive Bariatric Surgery. Obesity 2010;18:2010-16.
  8. Lecube A, Carrera A, Losada E, et al. Iron Deficiency in Obese Postmenopausal Women. Obesity 2006;14 (10):1724-30.
  9. Karl JP, Lieberman HR, Cable SJ, et al. Poor Iron Status Is Not Associated with Overweight or Overfat in Non-Obese Pre-Menopausal Women. J Am Coll of Nutr 2009;28(1):37-42.
  10. Menzie CM, Yanoff LB, Denkinger BI, et al. Obesity-Related Hypoferremia Is Not Explained by Differences in Reported Intake of Heme and Nonheme Iron or Intake of Dietary Factors that Can Affect Iron Absorption. J Am Diet Assoc 2008;108(1):145-48.
  11. Fernández-Sánchez A, Madrigal-Santillán E, Bautista M, et al. Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2011;12:3117-32.
  12. Balistreri CR, Caruso C, Candore G. The Role of Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Obesity-Related Inflammatory Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2010;2010:802078. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
  13. Young B. Zaritsky J. Hepcidin for Clinicians. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:1384-87.
  14. Chung B, Matak P, McKie AT, et al. Leptin Increases the Expression of the Iron Regulatory Hormone Hepcidin in HuH7 Human Hepatoma Cells. J Nutr 2007:137:2366-70.
  15. Agrawal S, Gollapudi S, Su H, et al. Leptin Activates Human B Cells to Secrete TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 via JAK2/STAT3 and p38MAPK/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. J Clin Immunol 2011;31:472-78.
  16. Vokurka M, Lacinová Z, Křemen J, et al. Hepcidin Expression in Adipose Tissue Increases during Cardiac Surgery. Physiol Res 2010;59:393-400.
  17. Thurnham DI, McCabe LD, Haldar S, et al. Adjusting plasma ferritin concentrations to remove the effects of subclinical inflammation in the assessment of iron deficiency: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:546-55.
  18. Koulaouzidis A, Said E, Cottier R, et al. Soluble Transferrin Receptors and Iron Deficiency, a Step beyond Ferritin. A Systematic Review. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2009;18(3): 345-52.
  19. Fraser IS, Parke S, Mellinger U, et al. Effective treatment of heavy and/or prolonged menstrual bleeding without organic cause: pooled analysis of two multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of oestradiol valerate and dienogest. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2011;16(4):258-69.
  20. Fireman Z, Zachlka R, Abu Mouch S, et al. The role of endoscopy in the evaluation of iron deficiency anemia in premenopausal women. Isr Med Assos J 2006;8(2):88-90.
  21. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005. WHO Global Database on Anaemia. Geneva: World Health Organization; de Benoist B, McLean E, Egli I, Cogswell M http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9789241596657_eng.pdf.
  22. Murphy JF, O'Riordan J, Newcombe RG, et al. Relation of haemoglobin levels in first and second trimesters to outcome of pregnancy. Lancet 1986;1(8488):992-95.
  23. Bothwell TH. Iron requirements in pregnancy and strategies to meet them. Am J Clin Nutr 2000,72(1):257S-264S.
  24. International Nutritional Anemia Consultative Group (INACG), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF): Guidelines for the use of iron supplements to prevent and treat iron deficiency anaemia. Washington DC: ILSI Press, 1998.
  25. Viteri FE. A new concept in the control of iron deficiency: community-based preventive supplementation of at-risk groups by the weekly intake of iron supplements. Biomed Environ Sci 1998;11(1):46-60.
  26. Viteri FE, Liu X, Tolomei K, et al. True absorption and retention of supplemental iron is more efficient when iron is administered every three days rather than daily to iron-normal and iron-deficient rats. J Nutr 1995;125(1):82-91.
  27. Fernandez-Gaxiola AC, De-Reqil LM. Intermittent iron supplementation for reducing anemia and its associated impairments in menstruating women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;12:СD009218.

Arquivos suplementares

Arquivos suplementares
Ação
1. JATS XML
Baixar

Este site utiliza cookies

Ao continuar usando nosso site, você concorda com o procedimento de cookies que mantêm o site funcionando normalmente.

Informação sobre cookies