Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Moscow -2018 (according to the Moscow segment of the Federal Diabetes Register)

Background. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) to date remains one of the most difficult endocrine diseases, not always amenable to quality management. A large amount of information about the disease necessary for patient, the need for high-quality insulin preparations, the necessity of frequent self-control, the need for psychological support create difficulties in achieving compensation for the disease. The Federal Diabetes Register (FDR) provides an opportunity to assess the quality of treatment for diabetic patients, the level of glycemic control, the presence and severity of complications. Objective. To evaluate the clinical and metabolic parameters in the dispensary group of DM 1 patients in Moscow in 2018: the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the incidence of complications and concomitant diseases, the variants of insulin therapy used. Tasks. To form a sample of DM1 patients from the Moscow segment of the FDR, to perform among them a statistical analysis of the main demographic indicators, the level of disease control, the frequency of complications and comorbidities, and the options for the therapy used. Methods. The analysis of the data of DM1 patients included in the FDR was carried out: the number of patients, sex composition, age, HbA1c level, the presence of complications, approaches to insulin therapy. Conclusion. As of September 1, 2018, 17,839 adult DM1 patients were registered at the FDR in Moscow; there were 9704 (54.4%) men and 8135 (45.6%) women. The average age of patients was 42.1±14.4, the average duration of the disease was 16,0±11.7 years. Presence of complications was noted in 9824 (55.1%) patients. The most common complications included diabetic neuropathy (DNeuP), retinopathy (DRP) and nephropathy (DNephP). More than 50% of DM1 patients with DRP had a non-proliferative stage of complication. The proliferative stage was recorded in 10% of patients with DRP. Of the total number of patients with DNephP, 2.9% of patients had stage 2, 6.9% of patients - stage 5. A direct correlation between the number of detected complications and the duration of the disease (r=0.49; p<0.01) and the age of the patients (r=0.35; p<0.01) was found. More than 40% of DM1 patients had a disability, in half of the cases - severe disability; 4.2% of DM1 patients (743 people) used an insulin pump in therapy.

type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin therapy, glycated hemoglobin, complications, registry