Nutritional deficiency, its causes and methods of correction in children with CNS tumors during and after active therapy


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Abstract

In the structure of malignant neoplasms in the Russian Federation, CNS tumors take the second place in detection rate. Despite the continuous improvement of their treatment protocols, therapy is associated with a high risk of developing various complications, a high level of disability and a decrease in the quality of life in those children whose antitumor treatment has been completed successfully. In the structure of these complications, nutritional insufficiency (NI) has a significant role, which increases after the end of the main treatment, since non-timely corrected NI itself is a factor that aggravates any complication and can increase disability. In children with CNS tumors, NI has a significant prevalence: both due to the underlying disease, and the treatment effect. In this regard, it is important to understand the essence and causes of NI in pediatric oncology, the need for its timely detection and adequate correction using various methods and ways of nutritional support. In this cohort of children, preventive nutritional support is effective, and the use of a nasogastric tube and gastrostomy for long-term enteral nutrition is quite reasonable. This article provides a mini-review of world literature regarding these issues.

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About the authors

A. Yu Vashura

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology; Clinical Rehabilitation Research Center “Russkoye pole"

Email: avashura@gmail.com

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