New approaches to the diagnosis of HIV infection

Background. The development of new laboratory methods for the diagnosis of HIV infection and the assessment of the dynamics of the disease is relevant. Objective. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the processes of lipid peroxidation, the state of the antioxidant system and the content of medium-weight molecules in blood plasma (SMP) in HIV-infected people. Methods. 76 respondents participated in the study (18 HIV-positive women and 58 men aged 16 to 43 years). Antiretroviral therapy of patients consisted of immunocorrection and detoxification. To determine the processes of POL and total antioxidant activity (AOA) in blood plasma, the method of determining the antioxidant parameters of blood (Chevari S. et al.) and thiobarbituric acid (Ushiama M. et al.). Results. When studying the parameters of the oxidative status in HIV-infected, changes in indicators were revealed. At the onset of the disease, when the first symptoms appear in HIV-infected people, the parameters of peroxidation increase, reaching maximum values during the onset of opportunistic infections due to severe immune deficiency in AIDS. Conclusion. Unidirectional changes in the content of SMP were revealed in patients with HIV infection in stage III-IV. At the same time, there is a significant decrease in the total antioxidant activity of the final POL products due to accumulation in blood plasma. During the therapy, a positive dynamics of changes in the free radical status was revealed, which, nevertheless, does not lead to the restoration of the body’s systems. To assess the severity of endogenous intoxication, we recommend the proposed research methods.

HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, antioxidant activity, endogenous intoxication