Socio-demographic characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and gastrointestinal pathology living in rural areas

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Abstract

Background. Difficulties in diagnosing tuberculosis in rural patients are associated with a complex of reasons. These include territorial, economic, social, medical and others. A special place is occupied by patients with chronic non-communicable diseases. Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) constitutes a significant part in the structure of somatic pathology among young and middle-aged people. The relevance of the problem of identifying and progressing tuberculosis in patients with gastrointestinal pathology living in rural areas requires study to improve the effectiveness of their treatment.

Objective. Evaluation of the socio-demographic characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and gastrointestinal diseases in a rural area of the Omsk region.

Methods. A retrospective study on the basis of the Omsk Central District Hospital included 268 patients living in the Omsk district of the Omsk region, who were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis for the first time during the period 2018–2022.

Results. Of 268 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 49 patients (18.3%) had gastrointestinal pathology. The median age of patients (Me 25;75) was 43.0 years (37;55.0), 34 (69.4%) men and 15 (30.6%) women (χ2=9.78; p=0.002), 3 patients (6.2%) were elderly, 46 (93.8%) ) – young and middle-aged. Chronic gastritis was detected in 38 cases (62.3.6%); peptic ulcer – in 22 cases (36.1%), of which duodenal ulcer (DU) – 15 cases (24.6%), gastric ulcer – 7 cases (11.5%); nonspecific ulcerative colitis (UC) – in one patient (1.6%).

Conclusion. Fifth part of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, rural residents, had various gastrointestinal diseases, most of them were young people. Presence of bad habits regardless of age, low social status, and living in unfavorable sanitary conditions were typical for the respondents. Young patients with gastrointestinal diseases who live in rural areas, had bad habits, poor housing, and did not have a permanent job or profession were at risk for acquiring and developing destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis.

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About the authors

A. A. Shapran

Omsk Central District Hospital

Email: ppi100@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-6729-7116
Russian Federation, Omsk

A. V. Mordyk

Omsk State Medical University; National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases

Email: ppi100@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6196-7256
Russian Federation, Omsk; Moscow

Natalya V. Bagisheva

Omsk State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: ppi100@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3668-1023

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Outpatient Therapy and Internal Diseases, Omsk Central District Hospital

Russian Federation, Omsk

M. V. Moiseeva

Omsk State Medical University

Email: ppi100@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3458-9346
Russian Federation, Omsk

L. E. Kuchchaeva

Omsk State Medical University

Email: ppi100@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Omsk

A. I. Mazur

Omsk State Medical University

Email: ppi100@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Omsk

D. I. Mordyk

Main Bureau of Social and Medical Assessment for the Omsk Region, Bureau No. 17

Email: ppi100@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Omsk

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2. Fig. 1. Gender characteristics of the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract pathology in tuberculosis patients in various age groups

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3. Fig. 2. Distribution of gastrointestinal tract pathology in tuberculosis patients by nosological forms

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