On the significance of the state of the antioxidant system and free radical oxidation processes in patients with post-Covid alopecia

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Abstract

Background. This article is devoted to the problem of free radical oxidation (FRO) of lipids and proteins in patients with hair loss associated with a new coronavirus infection. Information on oxidative stress, FRO processes and the effect of free radicals on tissue is provided. The mechanism of activation of the FRO system during viral infections, incl. COVID-19, is described. Results reflecting the intensity of FRO in patients with post-Covid hair loss were obtained. The results of oxidative modification of proteins were assessed by the level of their carboxyl derivatives and indicators of plasma antioxidant activity. A correlation between FRO processes and disorders of the prothrombotic hemostasis system has been established.

Objective. Comprehensive assessment of the pro- and antioxidant statuses of patients with post-Covid alopecia, identifying correlations between the pro- and antioxidant statuses and microcirculation disorders.

Methods. The state of the FRO of lipids and proteins was assessed in three groups of patients: the main group included 26 female patients with post-Covid alopecia, the comparison group included 13 patients with alopecia of other etiologies, the control group included 10 patients without acute and chronic pathologies, without symptoms of hair loss.

Results. The results of studying blood serum samples from patients using the method of induced biochemiluminescence demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the level of parameter S, characterizing the intensity of FRO, and parameter Z, characterizing the overall antioxidant activity in the group of patients with post-Covid alopecia.

Conclusion. Based on the results of the study and literature data, it can be concluded that oxidative stress and hemostasis disorders occupy a significant place in the pathogenesis of post-Covid alopecia.

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About the authors

Anastasia Y. Nikolaeva

Privolzhsky Research Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-8877-3381
SPIN-code: 7988-8853

Postgraduate Student, Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases

Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod

O. A. Bitkina

Privolzhsky Research Medical University

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4993-3269
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod

I. V. Kosheleva

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2767-3021
Russian Federation, Moscow

K. N. Kontorschikova

Privolzhsky Research Medical University; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8345-9359
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod; Nizhny Novgorod

M. V. Presnyakova

Privolzhsky Research Medical University

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3951-9403
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod

A. A. Dmitrieva

Privolzhsky Research Medical University; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-9489-5498
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod; Nizhny Novgorod

M. G. Belcheva

Privolzhsky Research Medical University

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3522-7424
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod

E. V. Bitkina

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia n.a. Patrice Lumumba

Email: ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-3175-0836
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Typical kinetic curve of the BHL signal

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3. Fig. 2. BHL analysis indicators

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