OLDER PATIENT AT A DOCTOR'S APPOINTMENT: SIMILAR COMPLAINTS, BUT DIFFERENT DIAGNOSIS

The increase in the proportion of older people in recent decades makes the problem of cognitive impairment (CI) as extremely important. The causes of the С1ы are considered in detail, the differences between the CI and Alzheimer’s disease are presented. The importance of arterial hypertension and diabetes in the pathogenesis of CN is discussed. Depending on the cause of the CIs, different approaches to their therapy are applied. At the initial stages, the correction of metabolic disorders and improvement of tissue perfusion may be of strategic importance, especially for vascular CIs. Among neuroprotective drugs, preference should be given to preparations with multi-modal action, having different points of application, having neurotransmitter potential and proven favorable safety profile. In this regard, Actovegin® showed good results. It is composed of more than 200 organic and inorganic components, and because of that has a complex mechanism of therapeutic effects. Actovegin® optimizes cell and tissue respiration by stimulating the activity of enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation (succinate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase) and, under ischemic settings, facilitates the transition from energetically unfavorable anaerobic oxidation of glucose to aerobic oxidation, increasing the energy potential of the cells. A number of placebo-controlled trials have demonstrated efficiency of Actovegin® in vascular and mixed CIs. It is shown that its course application improves cognitive functions - attention, memory, thinking, and reduces the severity of neurological symptoms.

cognitive impairment, dyscirculatory encephalopathy, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, neuroprotectors, Actovegin