What is behind the mask of bacterial vaginosis?


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Background. Until quite recently, bacterial vaginosis (BV) was considered a «mild» disease that occurs as an isolated process in a woman’s body. However, in recent years, the development of numerous and serious complications has been proven, including increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Objective. Assessment of the incidence of STIs in women of reproductive age with asymptomatic BV undergoing preventive medical examination (low-risk group for STIs). Methods. Retrospective cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between asymptomatic BV and obligate pathogens of the urogenital tract. The study included 115 patients of reproductive age with clinically and laboratory confirmed asymptomatic BV., who came to preventive medical examination and had no complaints, the mean age was 28.7±6.1 years. Before inclusion in the study, all patients underwent microscopic examination of discharge from the vagina, cervical canal, urethra; examination of samples from the cervical canal for reproductively significant infections by the nucleic acid sequence-based amplification method; quantitative assessment of opportunistic microbiota by real-time PCR with the «Femoflor-16» diagnostic system. Results. Obligate pathogens in women with asymptomatic BV were found in 53 (46.1%) cases, including Human papilloma virus - in 25, Chlamydia trachomatis - in 20, Mycoplasma genitalium - in 18, Trichomonas vaginalis - in 5, Neisseria gonorrhoeae - in 2. Depending on the identified STIs, a comparison of vaginal microbiocenosis was performed. A significant decrease in the number of lactobacilli was found against the background of excessive growth of anaerobic microbiota in all groups. The coincidences of biotopes in groups of one or more microorganisms were revealed. Conclusion. The results of this study confirm that women of reproductive age with asymptomatic BV undergoing medical examination need additional screening for the presence of obligate pathogens. This will be an important strategy for improving STI control.

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Sobre autores

Irina Afanasyeva

Irkutsk State Medical University

Email: irishaaf@yandex.ru
Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology Irkutsk, Russia

I. Malova

Irkutsk State Medical University

Department of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology Irkutsk, Russia

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