Иммунотерапия классической лимфомы Ходжкина


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Аннотация

Высокодозная химиотерапия с аутологичной трансплантацией гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ВДХТ с аутоТГСК) служит современным стандартом лечения первично рефрактерных форм и первых рецидивов лимфомы Ходжкина (ЛХ). ВДХТ с аутоТГСК эффективна для 50-60% пациентов при первом позднем химиочувствительном рецидиве ЛХ. Современные методы терапии лечения ЛХ. с высокой эффективностью и низкой токсичностью особенно актуальны для пациентов с ЛХ, которые не являются кандидатами для ВДХТ с аутоТГСК, а также при возникновении рецидивов ЛХ. после ВДХТ с аутоТГСК. Аллогенные трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (аллоТГСК) могут проводиться при рецидивах ЛХ. после ВДХТ с аутоТГСК с сохраненной химиочувствительностью, предпочтительно для молодых пациентов в рамках проспективных клинических исследований. Брентуксимаб ведотин зарегистрирован для лечения пациентов с классической ЛХпосле неудачи (прогрессирование или ранний рецидив) ВДХТ с аутоТГСК или пациентов - не кандидатов для ВДХТ с аутоТГСК, при неудаче двух и более линий химиотерапии (ХТ), для консолидации после ВДХТ с аутоТГСК у пациентов с ЛХ. с высоким риском возникновения рецидива или прогрессирования, в терапии первой линии при распространенных стадиях ЛХ, наиболее предпочтительно для молодых пациентов, пациентов с высоким риском возникновения рецидива. Высокая активность отмечена у ингибиторов контрольных точек PD-1/PD-L1, активирующих противоопухолевый иммунитет (ниволумаб, пембролизумаб), у пациентов с рецидивами ЛХ. Терапевтическая эффективность ингибиторов контрольных точек PD-1/PD-L1 не зависит от ответа на предшествовавшие режимы терапии (первичная рефрактерность или рефрактерность к брентуксимабу ведотину). Перспективные направления терапии ЛХ. связаны с дальнейшим изучением новых мишеней опухолевых клеток и их сигнальных путей.

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Л. В Филатова

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова

Email: Larisa_Filatova@list.ru
д.м.н., ведущий науч. сотр. научного отдела инновационных методов терапевтической онкологии и реабилитации; доцент кафедры онкологии 197758, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68

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