Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of bleeding from the colon in patients of emergency department in multidisciplinary hospital

Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of bleeding in patients in intensive care units is one of the most complex medical measures that require special training and extensive practical experience. The article presents the results of authors’ own research, which was aimed to the evaluation of the possibilities of diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy for bleedings from the lower digestive tract. 22 urgent colonoscopies to diagnose the source of bleeding, carry out endoscopic hemostasis and determine the tactics of further treatment were performed. Colonoscopy was performed within 6-24 hours after the onset of symptoms of colon bleeding. The causes of bleeding included diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, pseudomembranous colitis, ischemic colitis, angiodysplasia, gangrene, and tumors. Such methods of endohemostasis as clipping, injection, irrigation with hemostatic drugs, and spraying of hemostatic powders were used. Successful hemostasis was achieved in 11 (50%) patients. In 4 cases, a temporary successful endohemostasis allowed patients to be prepared for surgical treatment. According to the results of the study, it was shown that the technical simplicity of the use of haemostatic agents is of great importance for therapeutic colonoscopy. The success of endoscopic hemostasis largely depends on adequate and pathogenetically substantiated conservative treatment.

colon bleeding, colonoscopy, endoscopic hemostasis