Size variations of the Bellingshausen Ice Dome on King George Island (Antarctica) in the Late Holocene

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Based on the data of field studies, dating of dead mosses and analysis of aerial and satellite imagery, the change in the size of the Bellingshausen Ice Dome during the last 5000 years was investigated. During this period the ice dome underwent profound changes from the size close to the present day in the period from 5000 to 4000 years ago under cold climate to significant reduction or even complete disappearance in the period of climate warming from 4000 to 2000 years ago. During the next cooling period from 2000 to 1400 years ago, the dome revived and increased its size to almost its present size, but the warming from 1400 to 600 years ago greatly reduced the size of the dome. It began to increase in size again with the onset of the Little Ice Age. At this time, due to the freezing of ice edges, a complex of moraines with an ice core appeared, girdling the dome along its perimeter. It is not excluded that the main growth of the dome size occurred from 800 to 600 years ago, which is confirmed by the dates of samples collected by the author. The next period of activation occurred after about 300 years ago, when, due to the predominance of westerly and easterly winds, the accumulation of mass resulted in the formation of two small glacial tongues, one of which crossed the ice core moraine in the west of the dome, and the other went into the sea, creating a push moraine in the east. However, the subsequent more uniform accumulation of snow and ice masses on the dome slopes hid the western tongue, increasing the dome size due to the accumulation of ice masses outside the moraine with the ice core. Apparently, the maximum ice spreading was close to that seen on the aerial photographs of 1956. Later the dome size began to decrease and ice outside the moraine with the ice core melted mostly by 2006. Afterwards, the retreat of the ice edge under the moraine cover slowed down and did not exceed 1-2 m/year. At present, there is a decrease of the ice surface at the base of the dome accompanied by ice accumulation at its top.

Sobre autores

B. Mavlyudov

Institute of Geography of the RAS

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: bulatrm@bk.ru
Rússia, Moscow

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