TUBERCULOSIS SITUATION MONITORING IN THE RUSSIAN AREAS SUPERVISED BY THE CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TUBERCULOSIS, RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major health care problem in the whole country and in the RF areas supervised by the Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. In 2010—2011, there was a decrease in its incidence in 12 out of 15 regions of the Russian Federation. The incidence rate increased in three regions in 2011 compared to 2010. The TB mortality rate has fallen, but exceeded the average rate for the country (11.6 per 100 000 population) in 3 areas. The treatment effectiveness investigated in 3378 patients with pulmonary TB [Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT)+] varied from 76% in the Orel Region to 39.1% in the Ulyanovsk Region according to ceased bacterial excretion, as shown by microscopy, from 31.7% in the Ulyanovsk Region to 78.2% in the Orel Region according to sputum culture, and from 76% in the Orel Region to 36.4% in the Ulyanovsk Region according to cavity closure rates. The main reason for the low efficiency of treatment is its discontinuation and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. To enhance treatment efficiency, it is essential to introduce rapid methods for MBT detection countrywide and to perform adequate treatment only with the drugs to which MBT is still susceptible.

tuberculosis, detection, treatment, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis