Lipodystrophy syndrome in patients with HIV infection


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Abstract

Lipodystrophy syndrome encompasses clinical symptoms, such as lipoatrophy and excess adipose tissue accumulation in the selective parts of the body, as well as laboratory symptoms appearing mainly as lipid metabolic disturbances. The risk of lipodystrophy syndrome in HIV-positive patients depends on the patient's age and premorbidity, immunosuppression levels, a combination of antiretroviral drugs. The manifestations of lipoatrophy are most frequently observed in the use of thymidine nucleoside analogues and dyslipidemia is most common in that of HIV protease inhibitors. Minimal impact on lipid profile is noted when administering lamivudine, abacavir, emtricitabine, tenofovir, nevirapine, atazanavir, maraviroc, and raltegravir. The association of metabolic disturbances with the development of cardiovascular diseases substantiates the need for their prevention and correction. This is served by the correct choice of drugs in terms of the patient's premorbidity, the clinical and laboratory monitoring of patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy with the timely correction of detected metabolic abnormalities. Statins, fibrates, niacin, and metformin are recommended as agents that correct metabolic changes.

About the authors

G. R Khasanova

Kazan State Medical University

Email: gulshatra@mail.ru

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