The place of PCR in the laboratory diagnosis of viral infections in routine practice


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Abstract

Laboratory diagnosis is relevant to patients with immunodeficiency. This condition occurs in patients with hemoblastosis in the presence of the underlying disease and because of chemotherapy. The latter can also affect the pathogenesis of viral infection. Objective. To provide a rationale to use a PCR assay in the routine diagnosis of parenteral viral hepatitis and herpesviruses. Material and methods. The laboratory markers of herpesviruses, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were determined in the clinical samples from 997 patients with different stages of hemoblastoses occurring with pneumonia and/or respiratory failure and liver dysfunction (until hepatitis developed). Results. HBV infection was associated with low (up to 10 3IU/ml) viremia, HCV infection was related to high (more than 105 IU/ml) one. PCR could reveal the occult forms viral hepatitis and the early stages of infection and suggest that there was virus-associated liver damage in cryptogenic hepatits. Herpesvirus DNA was significantly more often detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid rather than in blood. Respiratory lesion is frequently associated with herpesviruses. Conclusion. PCR is a convenient method to detect occult virus infections in patients with hemoblastoses. In cryptogenic hepatitis, examination of biopsy specimens of the liver could suggest its virus-associated lesion. The laboratory diagnosis of viral infections should be comprehensive.

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About the authors

Dmitriy S. Tikhomirov

National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: tihomirovgnc@bk.ru
Cand. Biol. Sci., Senior Researcher, Research Laboratory for Viral Safety of Blood Transfusions and Blood Components

Tamara Yu. Romanova

National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: rybnaia@mail.ru
Researcher

Elena N. Ignatova

National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ihele@yandex.ru
Researcher

Natal’ya G. Yaroslavtseva

National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ngyar@yandex.ru
Cand. Biol. Sci., Senior Researcher

Tatiana A. Tupoleva

National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ttupoleva@mail.ru; tupoleva.t@blood.ru
Cand. Med. Sci., Virologist, Head, Research and Clinical Department of Virological Diagnosis

Tatiana V. Gaponova

National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: gaponova.tatj@yandex.ru; gaponova.t@blood.ru
Cand. Med. Sci., Deputy Director General for Transfusiology

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