Features of the course of respiratory mycoplasmosis in children in the postcovid period. Epidemiоlоgy and infectious diseases

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Abstract

Restrictive measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a decrease in the respiratory mycoplasmosis (RM) incidence in children. 4 years after the start of the pandemic, its growth is observed.

Objective. Analysis of the clinical course of RM in children aged 5 months to 16 years.

Materials and methods. RM was detected in 74 children admitted to the Children's Infectious Diseases Department of the Khimki Regional Hospital for the period from January to June 2023. The active form of mycoplasmal infection was established based on the detection of IgM to M. pneumoniae in the blood serum of patients. The main group consisted of 42 children with mycoplasmal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the comparison group - 32 children with RM of the acute respiratory infection (ARI) type.

Results. The proportion of children with mycoplasmal CAP was 56.8%, witj mycoplasmal ARI - 43.2%. RM developed more often in children aged 3 to 7 years in the CAP group (43.7%) than in the ARI group (38.0%). In patients under 1 year of age, the disease more often proceeded as an ARI type (2.4 and 18.8%, respectively; p = 0.009), and in children 7 years of age and older – as a CAP type (31.0% and 12.5%; p = 0.009). Broncho-obstructive syndrome was more often recorded in the ARI group than in the CAP group (25.0 and 2.4%; p = 0.004).

Conclusion. RM in children in 43.2% occurs in the form of ARI, predominantly affecting children under 3 years of age.

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About the authors

Daria V. Preobrazhenskaia

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Author for correspondence.
Email: dariapreob@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-6152-0251

2nd year Clinical Resident

Russian Federation, Moscow

Sofia P. Kremplevskaya

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Khimki Regional Hospital

Email: sophie_1994@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1064-3096

Pediatrician, Children's Infectious Diseases Department, Khimki Regional Hospital; Full-time Postgraduate Student at the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Russian Federation, Moscow; Khimki, Moscow Region

Anna D. Muzyka

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Email: nikolitch-anna@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2269-2533

Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology

Russian Federation, Moscow

Elena V. Melekhina

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Khimki Regional Hospital

Email: e.melekhina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9238-9302

MD, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology

Russian Federation, Moscow; Khimki, Moscow Region

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Age structure of children with M. pneumoniae infection*

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3. Fig. 2. Age of patients depending on the clinical form of M. pneumoniae* іnfection (p < 0.05)

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