Spread of leptospirosis in non-endemic territory
- Authors: Brenyova N.V.1, Budaeva S.E.1, Ostapenko N.A.2, Belyaeva L.I.2, Fayzullina N.M.2, Kozlova I.I.2, Nechayeva E.E.3, Kudryavtseva I.V.3, Solovyova M.G.3, Balakhonov S.V.1
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Affiliations:
- Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute of Siberia and the Far East
- Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
- Office of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
- Issue: Vol 14, No 4 (2024)
- Pages: 77-83
- Section: Original Investigations
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/2226-6976/article/view/646600
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2024.14.4.77-83
- ID: 646600
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Abstract
Objective. Determination of the causes and conditions for the spread of leptospirosis and the emergence of human diseases in 2022–2023 in the non-endemic Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Yugra).
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the incidence of leptospirosis in humans and animals, a comprehensive survey of the population (n = 66), argicultural and domestic animals (n = 50), small mammals and birds (n = 1292) was conducted, operational information on patients with leptospirosis and contacts at risk of infection was obtained.
Results. Over the past 10 years, the Yugra Veterinary Service reported five farms with unfavorable conditions for leptospirosis in cattle. Isolated cases of human disease were registered in 1995 and 2008-2010. After a long period of epidemiological well-being, an imported case of leptospirosis was detected in 2021. Since 2019, there has been a significant increase in the epizootic activity of natural foci of leptospirosis in Yugra; in the summer-autumn season of 2022, the infection rate of carriers according to PCR results was 13.2 ± 3.3%. Specific antibodies were detected in 86.5 ± 5.6% of cases in deer, which, during nomadic grazing, could be infected in several natural foci at once. Circulation of leptospira of the Australis, Autumnalis, Bataviae, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Sejroe, Tarassovi serogroups was detected.
Conclusion. The season of detection of sick people (Novemb–March) indicates infection in anthropurgic foci. The results of the studies indicate a wide distribution of leptospirosis among deer. The seroscape of specific anti-leptospirosis antibodies in animals in anthropurgic and natural foci confirms possible cross-infection.
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About the authors
Natalya V. Brenyova
Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute of Siberia and the Far East
Author for correspondence.
Email: nbreneva@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9207-7536
Cand. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher, Epidemiology Department
Russian Federation, IrkutskSofia E. Budaeva
Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute of Siberia and the Far East
Email: inst.4ever.youu@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3588-8145
Junior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology
Russian Federation, IrkutskNadezhda A. Ostapenko
Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
Email: Ostapenko-na86@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5643-6765
Head, Department of Epidemiological Surveillance
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskLyudmila I. Belyaeva
Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
Email: sur_belyaevali@xmao.su
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-8781-9032
Head, Department of Epidemiological Surveillance, Branch of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in Surgut, Surgut District and Kogalym
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskNazira M. Fayzullina
Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
Email: otchethmao@xmao.su
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-0574-7799
Head, Department of Surveillance over Natural Focal and Especially Dangerous Diseases
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskIrina I. Kozlova
Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
Email: iriv_ko@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3345-1786
Chief Physician
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskElena E. Nechayeva
Office of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
Email: nechaeva_ee@86.rospotrebnadzor.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-2307-4510
Head, Department of Epidemiological Surveillance and Sanitary Protection of the Territory
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskInna V. Kudryavtseva
Office of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
Email: kudryavtseva_iv@86.rospotrebnadzor.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-1600-1254
Deputy Head
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskMaya G. Solovyova
Office of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
Email: solovieva_mg@86.rospotrebnadzor.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-4848-3417
Head
Russian Federation, Khanty-MansiyskSergey V. Balakhonov
Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute of Siberia and the Far East
Email: adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4201-5828
Professor, MD, Director
Russian Federation, IrkutskReferences
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