The epidemic situation of HIV infection in Russia in 2024

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Objective. Assessment of the current epidemic situation of HIV infection in the Russian Federation (RF).

Materials and methods. The data of federal statistical observation forms № 4 «Information on the results of blood tests for HIV antibodies», № 2 «Information on infectious and parasitic diseases»; departmental monitoring form of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being «Information on measures to prevent HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, detection and treatment of HIV patients» and personalized accounting forms on cases of HIV infection identified in 1987-2024 in Russia (form № 266 y-88) were analyzed.

Results. In the Russian Federation, a decrease in the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) registered for the first time in 2024 was noted, against the background of an increase in the total number of the population of the Russian Federation tested for HIV and a decrease in the number of tested individuals belonging to the most vulnerable for HIV groups of the population. An increase in the number of newly identified PLHIV in remote areas and among the rural population, an increase in the prevalence of HIV infection in general was noted. The number of PLHIV in the Russian Federation increased by 2.3 times by the end of 2024 compared to 2010. There was no significant increase in the coverage of PLHIV with effective antiretroviral therapy and a decrease in the number of deaths among the HIV-positive population.

Conclusion. The epidemic process of HIV infection in the Russian Federation retains a high potential for development, it is necessary to intensify anti-epidemic measures and expand their range.

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作者简介

Natalia Ladnaia

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: nladnaia@hotmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2994-151X

Cand. Biol. Sci., Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Vadim Pokrovsky

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Email: pokrovsky.vad@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9514-7288

Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head, HIV department

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

参考

  1. Guidelines on lenacapavir for HIV prevention and testing strategies for long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Geneva: World Health Organization, 2025. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item /9789240111608
  2. Покровский В.В., Ладная Н.Н. Вирус иммунодефицита человека в Российской Федерации в 2023 г. Эпидемиол. инфекц. болезни. Актуал. вопр. 2024; 14(3): 21–29. doi: 10.18565/epidem.2024.14.3.21-9. Pokrovsky V.V., Ladnaia N.N. [Human immunodeficiency virus in the Russian Federation in 2023]. Epidemiоlоgy and infectious diseases. Сurrent items 2024; 14(3): 21–29. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18565/epidem.2024.14.3.21-9
  3. Ладная Н.Н., Покровский В.В., Соколова Е.В., Чекрыжова Д.Г., Киржанова В.В. Распространение инфекции, вызываемой вирусом иммунного дефицита человека, на территориях Российской Федерации в 2021 г. Эпидемиол. инфекц. болезни. Актуал. вопр. 2022; 12(3): 12–18. doi: 10.18565/epidem.2022.12.3.12-8. Ladnaia N.N., Pokrovsky V.V., Sokolova E.V., Chekryzhova D.G., Kirzhanova V.V. [Prevalence of human immune deficiency virus infection in the territories of the Russian Federation in 2021]. 2022; 12(3): 12–18. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18565/epidem.2022.12.3.12-8
  4. Козырина Н.В., Ладная Н.Н., Кравченко А.В., Шахгильдян В.И., Соколова Е.В., Юрин О.Г., Покровский В.В. Результаты применения химиопрофилактики для снижения риска заражения ВИЧ в Российской Федерации в 2022–2023 гг.: Сб. материалов V Международной науч.-практ. конф. по вопросам противодействия инфекционным заболеваниям (12–13 декабря 2024 г., Санкт-Петербург). Саратов: Амирит, 2024; 167–169. Kozyrina N.V., Ladnaya N.N., Kravchenko A.V., Shakhgil’dyan V.I., Sokolova E.V., Yurin O.G. et al. [Results of the application of chemoprophylaxis to reduce the risk of HIV infection in the Russian Federation in 2022–2023.: Proceedings of the V international scientific-and-practical conference on countering infectious diseases (12–13 December, 2024, Saint Petersburg)]. Saratov: Amirit, 2024; 167–169. (In Russ.).

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of HIV incidence in the Russian Federation in 1987-2024

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3. Fig. 2. Dynamics of the number of people tested for HIV antibodies among different population groups and the frequency of detection of HIV-positive people among Russian citizens in 1987-2024

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution of HIV-infected people in the Russian Federation by the main known risk factors for infection in 1987-2024

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