Clinical and pathogenetic aspects of genital herpetic infection

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

An analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the prevalence, pathogenesis and features of the clinical course of genital herpes in the modern period is presented. The increasing etiological role of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in this disease has been shown. Data on the great importance of cellular immunity factors in the development of severe forms and relapses of genital herpes are presented. Modern recommendations for the treatment of genital herpes in different categories of patients are discussed.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

Natalia Yu. Pshenichnaya

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: pshenichnaya@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2570-711X

Professor, MD, Deputy Director for Clinical and Analytical Work, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Elena B. Romanova

Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Email: eromanova1961@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6885-6126

MD, Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Head, Laboratory of Sanitary and Parasitological Monitoring, Medical Parasitology and Immunology, Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology

Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don

Tatiana I. Tverdokhlebova

Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: rostovniimp@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3912-0291

MD, Director, Rostov Scientific Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don; Rostov-on-Don

Galina V. Gopatsa

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Email: gopatsa@cmd.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8703-7671

Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexander G. Suladze

Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Email: hivrost@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9051-1220

Cand. Med. Sci., Chief Physician

Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don

References

  1. ВОЗ. Вирус простого герпеса. Основные факты, 22 марта 2022 г. https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/herpes-simplex-virus
  2. [World Health Organization. Herpes simplex virus. Basic facts, March 22, 2022], https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/herpes-simplex-virus
  3. Gnann J.W., Whitley R.J. Genital Herpes. New Engl. J. Med. 2016; 375(7): 666–74. doi: 10.1056/nejmcp1603178
  4. Suazo P.A., Ibañez F.J., Retamal-Díaz A.R., Paz-Fiblas M.V., Bueno S.M., Kalergis A.M. et al. Evasion of Early Antiviral Responses by Herpes Simplex Viruses. Mediator of inflammation 2015; 1–16. doi: 10.1155/2015/593757
  5. Chemaitelly H., Nagelkerke N., Omori R., Abu-Raddad L.J. Characterizing herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence declines and epidemiological association in the United States. PloS One 2019; 14(6): e0214151. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214151
  6. Sauerbrei A. Genital herpes. Diagnostics to Pathogenomics of Sexually Transmitted Infections. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2018. 416 p.
  7. Whitley R., Baines J. Clinical management of herpes simplex virus infections: past, present, and future. F1000Research 2018; (7): 1726. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.16157.1
  8. Suazo PA, Ibañez FJ, Retamal-Díaz AR, Paz-Fiblas MV, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM, González PA. Evasion of early antiviral responses by herpes simplex viruses. Mediators of inflammation. 2015 Article ID 593757 https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/593757
  9. Jaishankar D., Shukla D. Genital herpes: Insights into Sexually Transmitted Infectious Disease. Microbial Cell. 2016; 3(9): 438–50. doi: 10.15698/mic2016.09.528
  10. Zhu S., Viejo-Borbolla A. Pathogenesis and virulence of herpes simplex virus. Virulence 2021; 12(1): 2670–702. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1982373
  11. Cole S. Herpes simplex virus: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Nursing Clinics 2020; 55(3): 337–45. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2020.05.004
  12. Хрянин А.А., Кнорринг Г.Ю. Генитальный герпес: современные представления и перспективы лечения. Гинекология 2020; 22(4): 62–7. doi: 10.26442/20795696.2020.4.200259
  13. Khryanin A.A., Knorring G.Yu. [Genital herpes: modern views and prospects for the treatment]. Gynecology 2020; 22(4): 62–7 (In Russ.). doi: 10.26442/20795696.2020.4.200259
  14. Singh N., Tscharke D.C. Herpes simplex virus latency is noisier the closer we look. J. Virol. 2020; 94(4): е01701–19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01701-19
  15. Harfouche M., Abu-Hijleh F.M., James C., Looker K.J., Laith J. A. Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions. Clin. Med. 2021; 35: 100876. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100876
  16. Tan D.N.S., Murphy K., Shah P., Walmsley S.L. Herpes simplex virus type 2 and HIV disease progression: a systematic review of observational studies. BMC Infect. Dis. 2013; 13: 502. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-502
  17. Fatahzadeh M., Schwartz R.A. Human herpes simplex virus infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and management. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2007; 57(5): 737–63. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.06.027
  18. Kreisel K.M., Spicknall I.H., Gargano J.W., Lewis F.M.T., Lewis R.M., Markowitz L.E. et al. Sexually transmitted infections among US women and men: prevalence and incidence estimates, 2018. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2021; 48(4): 208–14. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001355
  19. Volpi A., Stanberry L. Genital Herpes: Clinical and Scientific Novelties. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advances in Understanding and Management 2020; 223–31. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-02200-6_11
  20. Richards J., Krantz E., Selke S., Wald A. Healthcare seeking and sexual behavior among patients with symptomatic newly acquired genital herpes. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2008; 35(12): 1015–21. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318182a596
  21. James C., Harfouche M., Welton N.J., Turner K.M., Abu-Raddad L.J., Gottlieb S.L. et al. Herpes simplex virus: global infection prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2020; 98(5): 315–29. doi: 10.2471/BLT.19.237149
  22. Phipps W., Saracino M., Magaret A., Selke S., Remington M., Huang M.-L. et al. Persistent genital herpes simplex virus-2 shedding years following the first clinical episode. J. Infect. Dis. 2011; 203(2): 180–7. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiq035
  23. Looker K.J., Magaret A.S., May M.T., Turner K.M.E., Vickerman P., Newman L.M. et al. First estimates of the global and regional incidence of neonatal herpes infection. The Lancet Global Health 2017; 5(3): 300–9. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30362-X
  24. Hammad W.A.B., Konje J.C. Herpes simplex virus infection in pregnancy – An update. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2021; 259: 38–45. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.01.055
  25. LeGoff J., Péré H., Bélec L. Diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infection in the clinical laboratory. Virology Journal. 2014; (11): 83. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-11-83
  26. Nath P., Kabir M.A., Doust S.K., Ray A. Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus: Laboratory and Point-of-Care Techniques. Infectious Disease Reports. 2021; 13(2): 518–39. doi: 10.3390/idr13020049
  27. Amudha V.P., Rashetha S.M., Sucilathangam G., Cinthujah B., Revathy C. Serological profile of HSV-2 in STD patients: Evaluation of diagnostic utility of HSV-2 IgM and IgG detection. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research – JCDR 2014; 8(12): 16–9. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/10586.5314
  28. Johnston C., Corey L. Current Concepts for Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection: Diagnostics and Pathogenesis of Genital Tract Shedding. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2016; 29(1): 149–61. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00043-15
  29. Workowski K.A., Bachmann L.H., Chan P.A., Johnston C.M., Muzny C.A., Park I. et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm. Rep. 2021; 70(4): 1–187. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1
  30. Johnston C. Diagnosis and Management of Genital Herpes: Key Questions and Review of the Evidence for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2022; 7 (Suppl. 2): 134–43. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1056
  31. Patel R., Green J., Clarke E, Seneviratne K., Abbt N., Evans C. et al. 2014 UK national guideline for the management of anogenital herpes. International journal of STD & AIDS 2015; 26(11): 763–76. doi: 10.1177/0956462415580512
  32. Álvarez D.M., Castillo E., Duarte L.F., Arriagada J., Corrales N., Farías M.A. et al. Current Antivirals and Novel Botanical Molecules Interfering With Herpes Simplex Virus Infection. Frontiers in Microbiology 2020; (11): 139. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00139
  33. Harris J.B., Holmes A.P. Neonatal Herpes Simplex Viral Infections and Acyclovir: An Update. J. Pediatr. Pharmacol. Ther. 2017; 22(2): 88–93. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-22.2.88
  34. Foley E., Clarke E., Beckett V.A., Harrison S., Pillai A., FitzGerald M. et al. Management of Genital Herpes in Pregnancy Guideline Development Group. 2014. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/quidelines/ management-genital-herpes.pdf
  35. Mujugira A., Magaret A.S., Celum C., Baeten J.M., Lingappa J.R., Morrow R.A. et al. Daily acyclovir to decrease herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) transmission from HSV-2/HIV-1 coinfected persons: a randomized controlled trial. J. Infect. Dis. 2013; 208(9): 1366–74. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit333
  36. Jiang Yu-C., Feng H., Lin Yu-C., Guo X.-R. New strategies against drug resistance to herpes simplex virus. International journal of oral science 2016; 8(1): 1–6. doi: 10.1038/ijos.2016.3
  37. Kotton B.D., Kotton C.N. Resistant herpes simplex virus infections–who, when, and what’s new? Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2022; 35(6): 530–5. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000889

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML

Copyright (c) 2024 Bionika Media