Modern approaches to assessment and correction of cardiovascular risks in people living with HIV

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Objective. Review of methods for calculating the risks of cardiovascular events in people living with HIV (PLHIV), recommended by various organizations for the prevention and control of HIV infection. Study of the role of SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP scales in assessing cardiovascular risk within the framework of follow-up care of PLHIV.

Materials and methods. The methods for calculating the risks of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in PLHIV recommended by Russian and foreign organizations for the prevention and control of HIV infection were analyzed. The calculation of cardiovascular risks using the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP systems was carried out based on data obtained during the follow-up care of 240 patients in the period from 2022 to 2023.

Results. It was revealed that the studied recommendations do not include systems for calculating cardiovascular risks developed specifically for PLHIV. All recommended assessment scales can potentially underestimate the real risks of cardiovascular events in PLHIV. The use of the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP scales within the cohort of PLHIV revealed a significant predominance of individuals with high and very high cardiovascular risk in all age groups compared to those in the general population.

Conclusion. The lack of specific tools for stratification of cardiovascular risks in PLHIV requires further study of existing assessment systems for their effectiveness. Increased risks of cardiovascular events in PLHIV determine the need for active use of assessment scales as part of their follow-up care.

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Sobre autores

Andrey Shilov

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: sh_andrey_max@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0009-0000-7966-9708

Postgraduate Student, Teaching Assistant at the Department of Infectious Diseases with Courses in Epidemiology and Phthisiology, Medical Institute

Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

Anna Popova

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: popova@cmd.su
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9484-5917

Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Associate Professor at the Department of Infectious Diseases

Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

Anastasia Pokrovskaya

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia

Email: pokrovskaya@cmd.su
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2677-0404

МD, Senior Researcher, Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases with Courses in Epidemiology and Phthisiology, Medical Institute

Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP scales for very high-risk regions

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3. Fig. 2. WHO PEN scales for assessing the risks of cardiovascular events in Eastern Europe

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4. Fig. 3. Estimated risks of cardiovascular events according to the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP scales in PLHIV and individuals without HIV

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