ЭБОЛА, 2014 г. ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ


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Аннотация

Эпидемия лихорадки Эбола, неожиданно начавшаяся зимой 2014 г. в Гвинее, к сентябрю охватила несколько стран Западной Африки. Уже заболело около 4 тыс. человек, более 2 тыс. из них умерло, в том числе, более 140 медицинских работников. Правительства Гвинеи, Сьерра-Леоне и, в особенности, Либерии признали огромный социально-экономический ущерб, нанесенный лихорадкой Эбола, и неспособность самостоятельно прекратить распространение инфекции. ВОЗ признала эпидемию «чрезвычайной угрозой здравоохранению, имеющей международное значение», требующей согласованных действий всего мирового сообщества. В обзоре приведены основные сведения об эпидемиологии, патогенезе, клинической картине и лечении лихорадки Эбола. Детально рассмотрены развитие эпидемии 2014 Г., социальные, экологические и эпидемиологические причины, обусловившие ее беспрецедентный масштаб. Обсуждаются проводимые и планируемые противоэпидемические мероприятия, а также прогнозы эпидемической ситуации и возможность использования «экспериментальных» профилактических и лечебных препаратов.

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Александр Евгеньевич Платонов

Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора

Email: platonov@pcr.ru
д-р биол. наук, проф., зав лаб. эпидемиологии природно-очаговых инфекций 111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3а

Ольга Владимировна Платонова

Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора

Email: oplatonova@pcr.ru
науч. сотр. лаб. эпидемиологии природно-очаговых инфекций Москва

Виктор Васильевич Малеев

Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора

Email: maleyev@pcr.ru
акад. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., зам. дир. по научно-исследовательской работе Москва

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