Vol 6, No 5 (2018)

Both bee products themselves and their combinations are widely represented in the domestic pharmaceutical market, however, modern experimental studies of the biological activity of these compounds are few, and in many of the existing publications the authors describe an extremely wide and controversial range of therapeutic effects. The aim of the study is to analyze the experimental works on the study of biological activity of bee products. Materials and methods. The study was conducted using search and information (eLibrary, PubMed, CyberLeninka, ResearchGate) and library databases (Russian State Library, Central Scientific Agricultural Library). In the designated databases, publications were searched by such terms as “biological activity”, “royal jelly”, etc. The depth of the search was not limited. Results and discussion. The analysis of the published works shows that such substances as bee venom and royal jelly have experimentally confirmed their biological activity. In both cases, the active substances have been described and a review of their detected biological activity has been carried out. Conclusion. The authors suggest that when developing the method of laboratory synthesis of decene acids, it can be possible to carry out their large-scale preclinical research, which may become the basis for the creation of a drug with a selective effect.

The micromorphological investigations of Marrubium alysson L. growing on the territory of the Tunisian Republic have been conducted. The aim of the study was to conduct comparative ecological and morphological researches of Marrubium alysson aerian parts, to study an anatomical structure of caulifoliary system elements including stems, petioles, leaf margins a structure of the epidermis. Materials and methods. As an object of the research, dried-up herb and herbarium specimens of Marrubium alysson L., growing on the territory of the Tunisian Republic, were used. The micromorphological investigations were conducted by morphological and histochemical methods. Results and discussion. Comparative ecological and morphological researches have been conducted. The anatomic structure of the elements of the caulifoliary system including stems, petioles, leaf margins has been studied. The anatomic structure of the epidermis has been studied, too. The diacytic type of the stomatal apparatus, numerous branched trichomes with multicellular basis, located both on top and lower leaf parts have been found out. The conducted researches are a fragment of complex researches of perspective raw plants of Tunisian flora. Conclusion. Comparative eсological and micromorphological researches have been conducted, the anatomic structure of the stems, petioles, leaf margins, and also the epidermis structure of top and lower leaf parts has been also carried out. The diacytic type of the stomatal apparatus, trichomes with multicellular basis located both on top and lower leaf parts have been found out. The collenchyme is located in the subepidermal zone of a stem, petioles and in the zone of the central vein of a limb. The revealed signs can be included into product specification files on herbal raw materials

The main objective of the phenomenon of cerebral autoregulation is to maintain a constant cerebral blood flow rate with changes in systemic arterial pressure in the range of 50 mmH up to 150 Mmhg. To study this phenomenon, there are two approaches: dynamic and static. The dynamic approach is known to the study autoregulation, can indirectly characterize this phenomenon with the help of calculated indicators, and the described static methods can characterize only the lower limit of autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. The aim of the study was to develop a method for determining the value of pressure at the “breakdown” point of the upper limit of cerebral hemodynamics autoregulation. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on male rats of the Wistar line weighing 200–250 g, kept in standard vivarium conditions. The essence of the method of establishing the upper “breakdown” point of the autoregulatory mechanisms of cerebral circulation is pumping blood from the femoral artery to both carotid arteries by means of a peristaltic pump, while controlling the pressure and cerebral blood flow velocity. In order to avoid blood loss as a result of blood flow redistribution, external carotid arteries were ligated. The pressure was measured by the direct method. Since the pressure is created by the resistance of the cerebral vessels, it can be measured at the entrance by specially modeled carotid catheters. Cerebral blood flow velocity was measured by an ultrasound doppler scanner using MDK-Minimax Doppler v .2.1 program. To establish the possibility of using this method in the study of the influence of substances on the autoregulation of cerebral circulation, the effect of nicergoline on this phenomenon was studied. The drug was administered as a suspension intragastrally to rats 1 hour before metering. The results and discussion of the experiment showed that in intact rats the “breakdown” point of the upper limit of autoregulation was recorded at 165.0 ± 3.4 Mmhg (M ± m). Statistical processing of the obtained data indicates the normal distribution of the sample and the validity of the developed method. The introduction of nicergoline led to the increase in pressure at which there was a “breakdown” of the autoregulation mechanisms to 181.7 ± 4.7 Mmhg, which was significantly higher than the values of the intact group. Conclusion. As a result of the experiment on male rats, a valid method was developed for determining the blood pressure value at the highest point of “breakdown” of cerebral hemodynamics autoregulation and it was established that nicergoline shifts the functioning limit of the autoregulation phenomenon to higher values.