Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya

The article is devoted to the problem of the interinfluence of culture and personality. Culture is a life forming aspect for personality. The author covers three hypostases personality obtained due to the interaction with culture described: personality as the object of culture, as a culture-bearer, and as the subject of culture. Personality also has a significant impact on culture: under the influence of personality, culture is transformed, acquiring new forms in the course of culture-creating activity of a person. Person, being a part of certain cultural and historical process, incorporates the basics of morality, traditions, and experience of generations, which become the basis for the formation of personality. Personality is not a static subject, it has the ability to choose, to develop consciously, turning to certain cultural values. In the conditions of the modern world, personality actively uses the ability to adapt, which is gained thanks to inseparable connection with culture. Besides traditions, culture gives personality spirituality, which forms the desire for self-development, for searching and finding of sense, for realizing of the essence of moral values. All this determines the need of personality for self-realization. It is directly related to the creative activity. In self-expression, personality reflects the state of cultural environment to which it belongs, and the society in which it exists. The article describes cultural process and cultural environment, where personality exists and covers the variety of cross-disciplinary approaches to its research such as sociological, philosophical, approach from the standpoint of historical sciences, psychological and cultural approaches.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the public/private dichotomy in the socio-philosophical tradition and feminist theory. It is shown that the socio-philosophical tradition, exploring it without taking into account the gender aspect, is unable, as a result, to detect some key elements of this dichotomy. At the same time, the feminist theory, which does not pay enough attention to the public sphere, mixes its economic and political aspects. Besides, the insufficient attention of the feminist theory to the concepts of publicity and privacy leads to their status as unconscious research prerequisites. It is concluded that the study of the problem of private and public requires combining the considered traditions in a single theoretical field.

The article is concerned with the up-to-date problem of the “new religious movements” phenomenon and their frequently negative perception in modern society and scientific circles. The author reviews the whole range of paradoxical moments connected with “new religiosity” phenomenon, offers a brief analysis of existing approaches to this problem given by some researchers. The author justifies the ideas of a thoughtful approach to the problem and adequacy of response to certain types of religious activity. The overview of some societal responses to the new religious movements’ activity is given, and the evaluation of their legitimacy and effectiveness is presented. Conclusions are made on the dimensions of new religious movements hidden threats as well as on the irreversibility of their appearance, and the importance of broad discussions of the issues of religion, on the whole, is claimed.

The article is devoted a problem of regeneration and the searching for a new self-organized and self-developing socio-political system capable of resolving the contradiction between the pursuit of objective truth and the protection of physical, ideal and axiological reality. Our scientific novelty of the searching for a new social and political system is due to the change of historical eras from the sensual, in which we live today, to the ideational one, which is coming. We propose to analyze the theory of communitarianism, which in our understanding will be built on five pillars: I. Ilyin’s monarchism, T. Mora’s utopianism, P. Kropotkin’s anarchism, K. Marx’s communism and the fourth political theory of A. Dugin.

The article discusses the features of the philosophical and cultural analysis of the city. Based on the understanding of the phenomenon of culture, the author substantiates two basic approaches to the study of urban reality, suggesting their own grounds for the manifestation of complexity. The author also pays attention to the nature of interdisciplinary relationships inherent in the designated research strategies. The article also focuses on the transdisciplinarity of urban issues, its relevance for modern theoretical and practical projects.

The article discusses the causes that led to the spread of hip-hop subculture in regional cities of Russia. We decompose the time period covering the end of the 1990s - the beginning of 2000s. Material for the study are semistructured interviews taken from representatives of this subculture during this period. Fashion for this subculture from Moscow is not the only reason for the spread of hip-hop in Samara. The study showed that the spread of hip-hop in Samara was strongly influenced by the social situation in which young people lived in the first decades after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Young people felt a deep social and spiritual crisis in the country. There were several youth subcultures in the city in this background: skinheads, rastamans, rockers, hip-hop. The materials of the interviews allow us to say that a choice of young people among these subcultures bases on their priorities and values. The representatives of hip-hop have two key priorities: a healthy lifestyle and creative selfrealization. Subculture of hip-hop has become for teenager’s special cultural space that is different from the dominant cultural which had strong value uncertainty. We believe that the spread of the hip-hop subculture in regional cities was not only a tribute to the capital fashion, but also a means of overcoming the social crisis arised from the collapse of the USSR.