Correlation between vitamin D concentration and severity of community-acquired pneumonia in patients from the Amur region

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Abstract

Currently available data on the effect of vitamin D at the clinical course of pneumonia are insufficiently reliable and contradictory.

The aim: to identify or refute the correlation between serum vitamin D concentrations and the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Material and methods. Main study group included 86 patients with CAP (53,4% males and 46,51% females), who were divided into two subgroups: 1st – 48 patients with moderate CAP; 2nd – 38 patients with severe CAP. The control group consisted of 50 relatively healthy volunteers. All patients underwent a standard examination according to existing recommendations. Vitamin D levels ≥30 ng/ml were considered to be sufficient, between 29–20 as insufficient, <20 as vitamin D deficiency, <10 as severe deficiency.

Results. Total concentration of vitamin D in the blood serum in patients with CAP was significantly lower than in control group – 15,02 (8,47–21,64) versus 27,47 (24,25–30,15) ng/ml (р=0,00001). Moreover, among patients with pneumonia, sufficient levels of vitamin D were observed in 15%, insufficient – in 17%, deficiency – in 42%, severe deficiency – in 26% of cases. In severe CAP, the average vitamin D level was significantly lower than in patients with moderate CAP: 11,08 (9,95–11,72) versus 19,08 (14,01–26,83) ng/ml (p <0,05). In addition, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with bilateral or multisegmental lung damage (p=0,0001). All patients who died from CAP (n=6) had severe vitamin D deficiency – 4,89 (3,38–7,06) ng/ml. It was found that lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with longer overall disease duration and with longer radiographic resolution of pneumonia (r=-0,47, p=0,04).

Conclusion. The study found that vitamin D deficiency in blood serum can affect the severity of CAP and increase the risk of unfavorable outcomes and death.

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About the authors

Tatyana A. Luchnikova

Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: tanechkaluch89@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8319-9291

PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Department of hospital therapy with a course in pharmacology, Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Blagoveshchensk

Olga B. Prikhodko

Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: prik0806@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9846-1574

MD, professor of the Department of hospital therapy with a course of pharmacology, Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Blagoveshchensk

Valery V. Voytsekhovskiy

Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: voitsehovsckij@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9617-2733

MD, professor, head of the Department of hospital therapy with a course of pharmacology, Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Blagoveshchensk

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