Peculiarities of lipid metabolism and vascular wall rigidity in ulcerative colitis patients

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Abstract

Nowadays, lots of data concerning the higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) comparatively to the general population, despite the significantly lower incidence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors among them are collected. Existing methods for assessing CVD risk do not cover all aspects through which inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) potentiate cardiovascular risk, therefore, a targeted study of the pathophysiological links between UC and CVD is necessary to improve methods for assessing the risk of cardiovascular events in this group of patients for their timely prevention.

The aim: to estimate the characteristics of the lipid profile and severity of arterial wall rigidity in UC patients.

Material and methods. A comparative analysis of the lipid profile and cardio-ankle index CAVI was performed in 120 patients with UC. All of them were kept for observation at the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Healthcare of Chuvashia.

Results. Patients with UC had lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoproteins, higher values of cardio-ankle index CAVI than in the control group, as well as a stronger correlation between the rate of increase of this index and age. A high correlation between the degree of excess of CAVI index and the duration and age of onset of the disease was found.

Conclusion. Patients with UC associated with long-term persistent chronic inflammation, have changes in the structure of the vascular wall and endothelium, which is confirmed by detected higher values of CAVI index. Also in this case, qualitative changes in the activity of lipoproteins are observed, which, in combination with the identified changes in lipid profile indexes, determines the presence in this group of patients of a special type of dyslipidemia with a specific combination of quantitative and qualitative indexes that determine its high atherogenicity.

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About the authors

Nadezhda Yu. Kucherova

I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University; Republican Cardiological Dispensary of the Ministry of Healthcare of Chuvashia

Author for correspondence.
Email: nadezda_kan@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9500-3719

MD, postgraduate student of the Department of hospital therapy; cardiologist at the advisory clinic

Russian Federation, Cheboksary; Cheboksary

Yulia V. Tsyganova

I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University

Email: j.v.tsyganova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8339-9496

MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of hospital therapy

Russian Federation, Cheboksary

Larisa V. Tarasova

I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University; Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Healthcare of Chuvashia; Institute for Advanced Medical Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of Chuvashia

Email: tlarisagast18@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1496-0689

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), associate professor, head of the Department of hospital therapy; professor of the Department of public health and healthcare; head of the Department of gastroenterology

Russian Federation, Cheboksary; Cheboksary; Cheboksary

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Total cholesterol level in the study groups and the control group

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3. Fig. 2. Low-density lipoprotein level in the study groups and the control group

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4. Fig. 3. Graph of the regression function characterizing the dependence of the triglyceride level on the waist/hip index in study group 1 (ulcerative colitis duration 1-5 years)

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5. Fig. 4. Graph of the regression function characterizing the dependence of the triglyceride level on the waist/hip index in study group 2 (ulcerative colitis duration 7-15 years)

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6. Fig. 5. Level of high-density lipoproteins in the study groups and the control group

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7. Fig. 6. Atherogenicity index values ​​in the study groups and the control group

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8. Fig. 7. Deviation (excess) of the CAVI index from the expected age values ​​in study groups 2 and 3

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9. Fig. 8. Graph of the regression function characterizing the dependence of the degree of deviation (excess) of the CAVI index on the expected age values ​​in study group 3 (disease duration 7-15 years)

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10. Fig. 9. Graph of the regression function characterizing the dependence of the degree of excess of the CAVI index on the duration of ulcerative colitis in study group 3 (disease duration 7-15 years)

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11. Fig. 10. Graph of the regression function characterizing the dependence of the degree of excess of the CAVI index on the age of ulcerative colitis debut in study group 3 (disease duration 7-15 years)

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