Influence of interval hypoxi-hyperoxic training at the rehabilitation process in elderly patients with myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure (preliminary results)

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Abstract

Method of interval hypoxic conditioning is a new approach to cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

The aim: to evaluate the efficacy of interval hypoxic-hyperoxic training (IHHT) in CR of elderly patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure.

Material and methods. An analysis of the intermediate results of a single-center prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in parallel groups was performed. The analysis (from November 2024 to January 2025) included 38 patients with Q and non-Q MI: 19 persons who underwent CR with IHHT (experimental group), and 19 without IHHT (control). 10 IHHT sessions were performed during 2 weeks. The duration of each procedure was 40 min. The primary endpoint was the change in 6-minute walk test (6MWT), secondary endpoints were changes in the level of N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), lipid spectrum parameters, and left ventricular myocardial contractility.

Results. In terms of the main parameters the groups were comparable. CR for 14 days in both groups led to the achievement of both the primary endpoint – an increase in 6MWT distance comparatively to baseline values, and secondary endpoints – a statistically significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. The increase in 6MWT distance in the experimental group exceeded the control group by 70.4% (p = 0.017). Standard rehabilitation measures on the 14th day caused a decrease in the end-systolic and diastolic dimensions, an increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction and a decrease in the level of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, glucose and NT-proBNP in blood serum. In the experimental group, a decrease in the size of the left atrium and triglycerides was fixed, while in the control group these parameters remained unchanged.

Conclusion. Inclusion of IHHT in the CR program of elderly patients with MI and chronic heart failure improves exercise tolerance, reduces the size of the left atrium and lowers the level of triglycerides.

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About the authors

Anna V. Andreeva

Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary

Author for correspondence.
Email: andreeva_anna76@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2941-9679
SPIN-code: 6809-4395

MD, head of the Inpatient Department of medical rehabilitation of adults for patients with somatic diseases

Russian Federation, Ryazan

Sergey S. Yakushin

Academician I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: ssyakushin@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1394-3791
SPIN-code: 7726-7198

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, head of the Department of hospital therapy with the course of medical and social expertise

Russian Federation, Ryazan

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