Autumn application of the herbicide ballista, MD on winter wheat crops in the steppe zone of the Krasnodar territory

The research was conducted to biologically and economically evaluate the effectiveness of the autumn application of the new herbicide Ballista, OD (30 g/l mesosulfuron-methyl + 17 g/l flumetsulam + 12 g/l florasulam + 90 g/l mefenpyr-diethyl). The work was carried out in 2022–2024 in the Krasnodar Territory on crops of winter wheat of the Bezostaya 100 variety according to the methodological guidelines for registration tests of herbicides in agriculture. The soil of the experimental site is leached chernozem. Experimental plots with an area of 25 m2 were treated four times with working solutions of herbicides at the rate of 200 l/ha with a manual PULVEREX sprayer. The scheme of field experiments included: herbicide Ballista, OD at the rates of 0.3 and 0.5 l/ha, etalon Verdict, VDG + BioPower, VSC (0.3 kg/ha + 0.5 l/ha and 0.5 kg/ha + 0.5 l/ha), herbicide-free version (control). The biological effectiveness of the drugs was determined by reducing the number and weight of weeds in comparison with the control. The use of the herbicide Ballista, OD (0.3 and 0.5 l/ha) in the autumn period on winter wheat provided high biological efficacy (92…100 %) against cereals (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) and dicotyledonous (Galium aparine L., Papaver rhoeas L., Cerastium arvense L.) weeds. In terms of herbicidal activity, the new herbicide was not inferior to the reference drug Verdict, VDG + BioPower, VSC. There was no phytotoxic effect on the crop plants and a statistically significant value of the preserved crop (109.1…109.5 %) was obtained in relation to the control (without the use of herbicide).