Vol 1, No 3 (2019)

Articles

NUTRITIONAL REHABILITATION IN ONCOLOGY AFTER SURGERY IN THE UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

Arykan N.G., Shestopalov A.E., Petrova M.V.

Abstract

Rehabilitation in oncology is the process of assisting a patient diagnosed with a “malignant tumor” in order to maintain optimal physical fitness, psychological and social comfort within the limits possible, limited by the disease itself and its treatment. A key component of this approach is nutritional-metabolic support (NMS), including a regular, modified diet, functional foods, and nutritional supplements with pharmaconutrients. In cancer patients, the risk of nutritional deficiency is especially high, since the tumor itself, surgical intervention, as well as high-dose chemo-and radiation therapy, lead to a violation of nutritional status (NS). Nutritional and metabolic support in the postoperative period involves not only improving treatment outcomes and disease prognosis, but also the impact on improving the rehabilitation potential, the possibility of the full implementation of rehabilitation measures, and the quality of life of patients. In the case of radical or palliative surgery, the perioperative period should help improve the long-term prognosis.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):3-10
pages 3-10 views

PHYSICAL FACTORS AND THEIR ROLE IN ONCOLOGY

Kucherova T.Y., Vusik M.V., Cheremisina O.V.

Abstract

The analysis of the effect of various physical therapy methods on tumor growth in the historical aspect and comparison with our own scientific results were carried out. The role of physical therapy methods such as galvanization (electrophoresis), light therapy (ultraviolet irradiation, lasers of different light wave spectra), alternating currents (UHF, microwave, inductothermia), mechanical vibrations (ultrasound, vibration), magnetic field, pulse currents (DDT, SMT), high voltage currents (darsonvalization), and thermal factors (mud and heat treatment) in stimulation of tumor growth was studied. The results of our own studies confirm the statement that the physiotherapeutic factors used do not stimulate tumor growth, and can have a beneficial influence on the improvement of the quality of life of cancer patients. Thus, there is a growing evidence that physiotherapy is a safe and effective adjunct to cancer treatment.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):12-17
pages 12-17 views

THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITIONAL CHANGES ON THE MOTOR SKILLS IN CHILDREN WITH TUMORS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN REMISSION

Vashura A.Y., Ryabova A.A., Lukina S.S., Karelin A.F., Kasatkin V.N.

Abstract

The paper presents the results of the analysis of associations between motor skills (MS) and nutritional status (NS) in 102 children who have received treatment of CNS tumors (n=53) and ALL (n=49). Median of remission interval was 2 years (from 3 month to 10 years). MS was evaluated by Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. NS was assessed using anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis. As a result, it was found that children after cancer treatment have motor and nutritional deficiencies. Low values of NS indicators (lean body mass, cell mass, mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC)) are associated with a decrease in MS parameters. There was no dependence between the value, dynamics of body fat mass and MS. In those children who had a positive dynamics (+3%) of the phase angle and MAMC for 3 weeks of the observation changes in MS were also significantly positive - in contrast to the overall sample, where any reliable dynamics of MS parameters was not revealed.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):18-26
pages 18-26 views

EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING IN ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER

Kasparov B.S., Semiglazova T.Y., Kondrateva K.O., Tinkasova M.A., Kluge V.A., Krutov A.A., Kurochkina I.S., Melnikova E.V.

Abstract

The possibility of application of the International classification of functioning, restrictions of activity and health (ICF) at assessment of efficiency of rehabilitation actions of patients with brest cancer is presented in article. Experience of application of MKF at a stage of hospitalization of patients in a hospital and also in the remote period at 13 patients with breast cancer receiving antineoplastic treatment (chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy) is shown. Possibilities of use of MKF are good addition to the proved and standard scales and tests on diagnostics of extent of violations of various structures and functions of an organism. Further researches for development of specialized questionnaires on the basis of ICF taking into account specifics of diseases are required.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):27-31
pages 27-31 views

BIOFEEDBACK IN VOICE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS AFTER LARINGEXTOMY

Krasavina E.A., Balatskaya L.N., Choinzonov E.L.

Abstract

The research Institute of Oncology of the Tomsk Research Center for Voice Rehabilitation of patients with cancer of the larynx and laryngopharynx after laryngectomy has developed a method for restoring voice function Ьу forming an esophageal voice using the method of biofeedback. The method of biofeedback speeds up the formation of voice skills due to the fact that the patient gets the opportunity during voice training consciously manage such parameters of the voice being formed as the duration of phonation, pitch frequency, frequency stability of the pitch. In order to study the effectiveness of the method developed by us, a study was conducted of the results of voice rehabilitation of 80 patients with cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx. Voice function was restored in 71 (88.75%) patients in the period from 8 to 22 days.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):32-36
pages 32-36 views

ART THERAPY IN COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF CANCER PATIENTS

Tkachenko G.A.

Abstract

Experimental psychological study of 112 patients using the scale of HADS showed that after 5 individual sessions lasting from 45 to 60 minutes the level of anxiety decreases from 12.1 ± 2.1 to 8.6 ± 1.2 points, the number of patients with a high level of depression decreases significantly and the number of patients without depressive symptoms increases. We used techniques of drawing "health" and "disease", "self-portrait", "tree of life". Art therapy reduces anxiety and depression, helps to overcome the crisis situation associated with the disease, and adapt to a new life situation.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):37-39
pages 37-39 views

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE REHABILITATION OF CANCER PATIENTS

Vagaytseva M.V., Semiglazova T.Y., Kondratieva K.O.

Abstract

The development of medicine increases the number of people living in situations of severe chronic illness, such as cancer. Around the world, the direction of the rehabilitation of such people is being developed in order to prevent disadaptation. Psychological rehabilitation is an essential component of rehabilitation. Psychological rehabilitation of people in a situation of cancer has its own characteristics. Presents the basics of psychological rehabilitation of the rehabilitation department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "NMIC of Oncology named after NN Petrov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):40-43
pages 40-43 views

MEDICAL-SOCIAL REHABILITATION AS THE BASIS OF OVERCOMING THE LIMITATIONS OF LIVING ACTIVITIES OF CITIZENS WITH DISTURBANCES OF HEALTH AND THEIR SOCIALIZATION

Puzin S.N., Grechko A.V., Pryanikov I.V., Shurgaya M.A., Pogosyan G.E.

Abstract

Modern approaches to protecting public health in the world are increasingly guided by the concept of preventable loss of health, which provides for the concentration of health efforts on the prevention of morbidity and disability. The nosological spectrum of causes of disability includes a large list of diseases, among which the leading ones are chronic non-communicable diseases, which are characterized by an epidemic type of spread. The highest level of disability is observed in connection with diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. Of the total number of citizens recognized as disabled, a significant number are disabled people of the first and second groups. The significance of the disability problem is aggravated by the special demographic situation of the "aging" of the population, which is associated with the accumulation of pathology of various major body systems. Persistent dysfunctions of the body due to diseases, consequences of injuries and defects can lead to disabilities. The development of the UN international legal framework (UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, "International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health") contributed to the formation of social policy in Russia aimed at protecting the rights of persons with disabilities. Medical and social rehabilitation and habilitation of persons with disabilities is the basis of social protection of citizens with health problems. The implementation of the main directions of medical and social rehabilitation and habilitation of persons with disabilities (medical, professional social) involves the use by persons with disabilities of technical means of rehabilitation that can compensate for impaired or lost functions of the body, which helps to overcome the limitations of life and socialization of citizens with persistent health problems.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):44-53
pages 44-53 views

SOME ASPECTS OF IMPROVEMENT OF MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE AND REHABILITATION OF ELDERLY AND SENIOR CITIZENS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL

Memetov S.S., Sharkunov N.P., Kim V.V.

Abstract

The article reflects the problems of formation of geriatric service at the regional level, both in the formation of the second level and in the organization of the first level - geriatric offices. A serious concern at the regional level is the personnel problem and the level of material support of employees providing medical and social assistance to elderly and senile patients. The insufficient awareness of the population about the achievements of gerontology and geriatrics, insufficient interaction of medical organizations and social protection bodies in solving complex medical and social problems of older people are pointed out.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):54-57
pages 54-57 views

IMMUNOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER. PROTOTYPING

Gantsev S.K., Pukhalenko A.I., Romaniukha A.A., Chulina I.A., Chulin A.N., Poletaev A.B.

Abstract

A prototype of the method of immunochemical detection of different types of solid cancers (primary and recurrent) in the early stages was developed. According to the initial hypothesis, the sera of patients with malignant tumors of different localization and different histological nature, contain different sets of autoantibodies (auto-Ab) of IgG class to many cancer-associated antigens (CA-AG). The content of such auto-Ab differs in cancer patients and patients with non-malignant chronic diseases, which determines the difference in serum immunoreactivity profiles of cancer patients and patients with non-malignant diseases. Confirmation of this hypothesis opens up prospects for the creation of simple and cheap laboratory methods of mass preventive examination of the population for the early detection of different cancers. The confirmation of the hypothesis was obtained. Moreover, even with non-optimal sets of test antigens, with the help of solid-phase ELISA it was possible to achieve sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 68% in the differentiation of blood sera of cancer (lung, stomach, ovary, prostate) and non-cancer patients (chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs, stomach, ovary, prostate) and nearly 90% in the differentiation of healthy individuals from cancer patients.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):58-62
pages 58-62 views

POST STROKE REHABILITATION: CLINICAL EFFICACY OF BCI-DRIVEN HAND EXOSKELETON IN COMPARISON WITH "AMADEO" ROBOTIC MECHANOTHERAPY

Lyukmanov R.K., Mokienko O.A., Aziatskaya G.A., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A.

Abstract

Motor function deficit due to stroke is one of the leading causes for disability among working-age population. The most effective evidence-based treatment strategies are task oriented exercise approaches including constrained-induced movement therapy. Robot-assisted training provides high amount of repetitions and feedback to patient. Adjuvant therapies such as mirror therapy and motor imagery show their effectiveness if used in combination with basic neurorehabilitation methods and are treatment of choice for patients with severe motor impairment. Brain-computer interfaces allow to control motor imagery as a process by giving different type of feedback (e.g. kinesthetic via exoskeleton) during training sessions. It is poorly known if kinesthetic motor imagery is more effective comparing to robot-assisted training as a part of post-stroke rehabilitation. Materials and methods: 55 patients with arm paresis >1 month after stroke were enrolled in the current study. Screening and randomization were performed. Participants underwent rehabilitation treatment where BCI controlled motor imagery training in main group and robot-assisted training in control group were included. Motor function of the paretic arm was assessed using Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) before and after intervention. Results: Recovery of upper extremity motor function did not correlate with time since stroke and age of participants neither in main group, nor in control group. Correlations between change in motor scales scores and initial severity of motor deficit was shown in both groups (p<0,05). Statistically significant improvement of motor function both in proximal and distal parts of the arm was found in both groups as well, and changes in motor scores were comparable. Conclusions: Improvement of upper extremity motor function in patients more than one month post stroke was equally effective in case of BCI-controlled motor imagery training and robot-assisted training. Thereby initial severity of motor impairment affected recovery in a greater degree.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):63-72
pages 63-72 views

THE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF ONCORTHOPEDIC PATIENTS: REVIEW

Stepanova A.M.

Abstract

The rehabilitation of oncoorthopedic patients does not have uniform standards, which is associated with the technical features of the surgical treatment of tumors of large joints in oncology. It is necessary at all stages of treatment, biginning with the diagnosis and should be comprehensive. Conducting a comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with an oncological orthopedic profile improves not only the quality of life, but also the results of treatment of the underlying disease.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):73-78
pages 73-78 views

LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMA -A PROMISING METHOD OF REHABILITATION

Gerasimenko M.Y., Zaitseva T.N., Evstigneeva I.S.

Abstract

Low-temperature plasma is a partially ionized gas obtained at atmospheric pressure and having a macroscopic temperature close to the ambient temperature. The composition of the torch of low-temperature plasma includes charged particles, neutral active particles, including free radicals and particles in metastable states, as well as ultraviolet radiation. The biological effects of plasma are associated with the synergistic effect of the listed factors, each of which has a subliminal concentration that does not cause changes in the biological object. Intensive research on the use of low-temperature plasma in medicine began about 10 years ago, although some pioneering work appeared much earlier, mainly in Russia. Since the mid-2000s. in the world began to actively develop sources of gas plasma, in which the temperature of the plasma torch is reduced to the temperature of the human body. The use of such structures makes it possible to subject the treated surface to direct plasma action and to use the entire spectrum of active plasma components, including photons, electrons, ions, free radicals, and molecules in an excited state. Low-temperature plasma has a number of fundamental advantages, which include high non-specific bactericidal activity, low probability of occurrence of stable forms, the absence of ionizing radiation and highly toxic substances. The described advantages together with a comfortable temperature, relative simplicity and low cost methods, the lack of specific requirements for the treated surface make low-temperature plasma a promising method for the treatment of various pathological conditions.
Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation. 2019;1(3):79-89
pages 79-89 views


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