Effect of methane-hydrogen fluid on diamond crystallization in metal-carbon melt at p-t conditions of lithospheric mantle

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Abstract

One of the unresolved questions of diamond genesis under reducing conditions in the Earth’s mantle is the role of the methane-hydrogen fluid. This paper presents the results of experimental studies on the influence of anthracene (C14H10) additives on the crystallization, properties and characteristics of diamond in metal-carbon melts under P-T parameters of the lithospheric mantle. It was found that an increase in anthracene content in the Ni7Fe3–C system from 0 to 2.69 wt. % at a pressure of 5.5 GPa and a temperature of 1400°C leads to a decrease in the degree of transformation of graphite into diamond from 100% to zero, which indicates the inhibitory role of the added impurity. Metal, graphite, methane and hydrogen were identified as the main phases of inclusions in the synthesized diamonds. It is substantiated that the fluid composition in the studied system is methane-hydrogen, and it is considered to be the main inhibiting impurity. It is established that with increasing anthracene content in the system, diamond growth on seeds is replaced by spontaneous crystallization, then metastable graphite and diamonds with anti-skeletal growth features are formed, and then only metastable graphite crystallizes.

About the authors

Yu. N. Palyanov

V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: palyanov@igm.nsc.ru
Novosibirsk, Russia

Yu. M. Borzdov

V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Novosibirsk, Russia

I. N. Kupriyanov

V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Novosibirsk, Russia

D. V. Nechaev

V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Novosibirsk, Russia

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