The “Dusty Haze” Effect in the Atmosphere of a Megapolis

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Local anthropogenic sources of coarse aerosol (dust) in cities may cause a “dusty haze” effect in the territory adjacent to the source sites of such aerosol (construction objects, areas of reconstruction of roads and buildings), due to a sharp increase in the concentration of PM10 particles in the near-surface air. The paper analyzes two such episodes recorded in the center of Moscow in the summertime of 2021 and 2024. The variability of mass concentration and particle size distribution of dust aerosols under abnormally high atmospheric pollution (PM10 concentration above the maximum permissible concentration) have been studied. A comparison of the characteristics of urban construction dust and arid aerosol in the atmosphere of the desolate zones of Kalmykia showed similarities between them in the increased content of lithophilic elements (of natural origin). However, in the city, the concentrations of potentially toxic elements (heavy metals, metalloids, etc.) typical for urban dust are higher in aerosols from construction sources. The dusting of megalopolis atmosphere under the influence of intensive construction sources not only worsens visibility and creates uncomfortable conditions for population, but also creates great risks for the environment of the city and human health.

作者简介

D. Gubanova

A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: gubanova@ifaran.ru
Moscow, Russia

A. Ginzburg

A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: gubanova@ifaran.ru
Moscow, Russia

A. Vinogradova

A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: gubanova@ifaran.ru
Moscow, Russia

O. Chkhetiani

A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: gubanova@ifaran.ru
Moscow, Russia

V. Semenov

A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geography RAS

Email: gubanova@ifaran.ru
Moscow, Russia; Moscow, Russia

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