Morphofunctional alterations of the hypothalamic neurons activity during sleep-wake cycle regulation disturbances after experimental traumatic brain injury

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Abstract

Relevance. The study of sleep disorders mechanisms after traumatic brain injury is complicated and poorly understood. Traumatic damage to the structures that are responsible for the sleep-wake cycle regulation is a common cause of sleep disorders after traumatic brain injury. The number of hypothalamic neurotransmitter systems, which are involved in the sleep-wake cycle regulation, could change its functional activity after trauma that suggests their key role in the development of disturbances of this process.

The aim of the study was to assess the morphological alterations of the hypothalamus neurons that is involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness after traumatic brain injury in an experiment.

Methods. For a combined analysis of posttraumatic disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle and morphofunctional changes in the neurotransmitter systems which are involved in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, we used a polysomnography in rats during a month and then an immunohistochemical method for estimating the quantify the orexin A, melanin-concentrating hormone, histamine and tyrosine hydroxylase.

Results. The number of histamine-containing cells in the tuberomammillary nuclei of the hypothalamus is obviously decreased after traumatic brain injury in animals. This alteration of the degree of immunoreactivity of histamine-containing cells after traumatic brain injury correlated with sleep duration changes in animals. The number of noradrenergic and orexinergic neurons was compare with control animal group.

Conclusion. These results suggest that a change in the functional activity of histamine-containing neurons after traumatic brain injury may be the cause of post-traumatic sleep and wakefulness disorders. Our results may lead to a creating of a new approach for a therapy for posttraumatic sleep-wake disturbances.

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About the authors

Yuri V. Gavrilov

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: yury-doctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1409-7686
SPIN-code: 7358-2649

MD, Senior Researcher, Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Kristina Z. Derevtsova

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Author for correspondence.
Email: derevtcova19@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9855-4519
SPIN-code: 5397-7357

PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Elena A. Korneva

Institute of Experimental Medicine; Saint Petersburg State University

Email: korneva_helen@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4999-5913
SPIN-code: 8777-2879

Doctor of Medical Science, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Chief Senior Researcher of the Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology; Professor of the Pathophysiology Department

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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