Vol 17, No 1 (2021)

In this issue, for the first time, the column of the editor-in-chief is presented to your attention. The reason for the direct appeal to the readers was the sorrowful news - on November 19, 2020, Professor Viktor Vladimirovich Slavsky, a remarkable scientist and person, to whose memory this issue of the Bulletin of Yugorsk State University is dedicated, passed away.

Conformally Killing fields play an important role in the theory of Ricci solitons and also generate an important class of locally conformally homogeneous (pseudo) Riemannian manifolds. In the Riemannian case, V. V. Slavsky and E.D. Rodionov proved that such spaces are either conformally flat or conformally equivalent to locally homogeneous Riemannian manifolds. In the pseudo-Riemannian case, the question of their structure remains open. Pseudo-Riemannian symmetric spaces of order k, where k > 2, play an important role in research in pseudo-Riemannian geometry. Currently, they have been investigated in cases k=2,3 by D.V. Alekseevsky, A.S. Galaev and others. For arbitrary k, non-trivial examples of such spaces are known: generalized Kachen - Wallach manifolds. In the case of small dimensions, these spaces and Killing vector fields on them were studied by D.N. Oskorbin, E.D. Rodionov, and  I.V. Ernst with the helpof systems of computer mathematics. In this paper, using the Sagemath SCM, we investigate conformally Killing vector fields on five-dimensional indecomposable 2- symmetric Lorentzian manifolds, and construct an algorithm for their computation.

When constructing mathematical models based on statistical data, the researcher faces the need to assess the homogeneity of the sample, in particular, the study of data on emissions. Availability in a sample of outliers negatively affects the modeling results and the adequacy of the model as a whole. In this work, an algorithm has been developed that allows one to quantitatively measure the effect of the influence of each observation on the quality of the constructed model. The description of this algorithm is given. Previously the author carried out similar studies for various regression models.

The paper proposes a new risk-oriented approach to the implementation of control and supervision activities in the field of regional environmental control. The issues of building a simulation model of oil spill risks assessment, implemented in the form of a digital mapof the region based on a combination of clustering methods and spatial data analysis are considered. The analysis is based on data on accidents at field oil pipelines in the license areas of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug for the period from 2014 to 2020. The result of the analysis is a digital mappublished on the Internet with authorized access and reflecting 5 levels of risk for the districts of the study area.

The results of remote studies of thermokarst lakes in the Arctic zone of the Taimyr tundra are presented. The research was carried out on the territory of 725 thousand km2. Sentinel-2 satellite images were used in the studies, which made it possible to study the peculiarities of distribution of the number, total area of the lakes and tortuosity of their coastal borders. Histograms of the distribution of the number and total areas of the lakes in an extra wide range of their sizes from 0.2 to 5000 ha are presented. The histogram of lakes size-distribution demonstrates significant growth of their number with decrease in size. Histogram of the distribution of total areas of lakes by intervals of their sizes shows that more than 80 % of total area of lakes are dominated by lakes with sizes from 2 to 1000 ha. The analysis of the histogram of the degree of tortuosity of lakes borders distribution showed that the majority of lakes have the form of the coastal lines, which differs from a circle. The dependence of the degree of tortuosity of lakes borders on the size of lakes was studied and a positive linear trend of its change with the growth of the area of lakes was established.

The article describes the results of five years of research in the development and creation of computer mathematical models of socio-economic systems using GIS technologies within the framework of two RFBR grants, which were directed by V.V. Slavsky. The first part describes the results of the development and creation of an interactive socially-oriented geographic information system designed to obtain information about social infrastructure facilities aimed at meeting the needs of people with limited mobility and people with disabilities. The second part describes the results of the development and creation of an interactive agent-based dynamic model of socio-economic processes (transport, production, demographic, etc.), using GIS technologies on the example of Khanty-Mansiysk.

The subject of the study is the strategic directions of ensuring public security in the Russian Federation at the present stage. One of the directions of ensuring public safety is recognized as the safety of the fuel and energy complex. In this regard, the analysis of the state, structure and dynamics of crime in the fuel and energy complex is carried out. Attention is focused on the implementation of the Russian criminal law policy in the field of combating crime in the fuel and energy complex, taking into account the norms of international law. The purpose of the study is to uncover the elements of crimes in the fuel and energy complex that constitute the crime of this orientation. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of a set of measures for the prevention and prevention of this type of crime, taking into account the interaction of measures of a criminal, criminological and administrative nature. The methodological basis for the study of measures to combat crime in the fuel and energy complex is a combination of general scientific and private scientific methods that have predetermined a comprehensive approach to the study of legal policy in the field of countering this type of crime, taking into account the ongoing reform of the socio-economic system in the Russian Federation. In the course of achieving the goal of the study, special legal methods of cognition were used to facilitate the analysis of the legal regulation of legal liability for fuel and energy crimes.

The main results of the study contain conclusions and proposals aimed at improving measures to counteract crime in the field of the fuel and energy complex, including improving the effectiveness of the implementation of the mechanism of criminal law regulation of public relations related to countering encroachments of the fuel and energy sector. Conclusions are formulated regarding the methodological and organizational-practical aspects of the legal impact on persons who have committed crimes in the field of fuel and energy complex.

The novelty of the research topic consists in the formulation of the problem associated with the establishment of the causes and conditions of crimes of fuel and energy orientation as a socially negative phenomenon in modern conditions; the definition of key areas of legal policy in the field of combating crime in the field of fuel and energy complex. The conducted research reveals the legal nature of crime in the fuel and energy complex; features of measures to counteract crimes of fuel and energy orientation; trends in the legal regulation of fuel and energy crimes; the specifics of the mechanism of legal regulation of legal liability for fuel and energy crimes. The opinion is expressed that there is no categorical and legal assessment of the concept of fuel and energy crimes in the domestic legislation, which predetermined the recognition of measures of criminal and legal influence as a strategic resource for countering fuel and energy crime. Conclusions are formulated about the factors that determine the legislative regulation of fuel and energy crimes, and the specifics of the implementation of punishment and other measures of a criminal nature.

The development of digital technologies and their interaction with criminal law are extremely important for lawmaking, law enforcement, and the study of criminal law. In this connection, the author in the article aims to investigate the impact of digitalization on criminal law as a branch of law and as an academic discipline. The methodological basis of this research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main place is occupied by the methods of consistency, analysis and comparative legal. The author's position grounded in the work is based on the legislation and the opinions of the competent scientific community on the question of how artificial intelligence can be useful in assessing an act as a crime, what new offenses have appeared in connection with the development of digital technologies. With the helpof legal analysis of the provisions of the theory of law, the question of whether artificial intelligence can be a subject of law and be liable in the event of harm to the object of criminal law protection is investigated.