Modeling of the increased intraocular pressure effect on changes in the stress state of the eyeball’s internal structures

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Abstract

The aim of the study was creating a model and evaluating the effect of elevated IOP in the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification on the changes in the stress state of various ocular structures.

Materials and methods. A simplified axial symmetrical anatomical model of the eyeball was created using the finite element method. Using the Deform software package, the deformation problem was worked out by calculating the redistribution of the excess pressure in the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification, on the changes in the stress state of different ocular structures. Results. At processing of modeling results, data were obtained on redistribution of the excess pressure delivered to the anterior chamber towards its decrease in the posterior pole area. The pressure level amounted to 0.85 % of excess pressure applied. The findings are supported by few animal experiments.

Conclusions. Proposed model of the increased IOP level effect on changes in the stressed state of various ocular structures demonstrates that the autoregulation mechanism maintaining ocular blood flow at a constant level includes a compensating mechanism for a steep IOP increase due to elastic properties of the vitreous body. This model allows calculating the redistribution of pressure in different parts of the eyeball, depending on the state of resilient-elastic properties of the vitreous, as well as on avitreal eyes, and in patients with silicone oil tamponade.

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About the authors

Yuri V. Takhtaev

St. Petersburg Pavlov Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ytakhtaev@gmail.com

MD, Professor of the Ophthalmology Department. I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

Roman B. Shliakman

St. Petersburg Pavlov Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: romanshlyakman@gmail.com

Resident of Ophthalmology department. I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

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Supplementary files

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1. Fig. 1. Computer axisymmetric eyeball model

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2. Fig. 2. Scheme of the intraocular structures surface loading with a stepwise increase in pressure in the anterior chamber

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3. Fig. 3. Distribution of mean stresses (hydrostatic pressure) in the eyeball, caused by an excess pressure of 10 KPa in the anterior chamber

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4. Fig. 4. Distribution of mean stresses (hydrostatic pressure) in the vitreous body

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5. Fig. 5. Normal pressure changes at the control points depending on pressure level in the anterior chamber (points P1–P4 — different parts of the retina: optic nerve head, zone of vascular arcades, equator)

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6. Fig. 6. Dependence of pig’s eye pressure redistribution in the vitreous body with an intraocular pressure increase in the anterior chamber: а – according to [29]; b – during modeling

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Copyright (c) 2020 Takhtaev Y.V., Shliakman R.B.

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